Psychological Distress
Conditions
Keywords
gratitude writing, expressive writing, state optimism, state gratitude, psychological distress, brief interventions
Brief summary
The goal of the study is to investigate the effectiveness of brief writing interventions on state optimism, state gratitude and psychological distress among female university students. There are three groups; gratitude writing group where participants are required to write about the things they are grateful for, expressive writing group where participants are required to write about their deepest feelings and thoughts from last week and a control group where participants just write about the tasks they completed in the past week.
Interventions
OTHERGratitude Writing Intervention
Participants write the things they are grateful and thankful in their life for. It could be anything they want to write about for a period of 10 mins. They can write it in the language of their own choice and in what ever format they prefer.
OTHERExpressive Writing
Participants write about their deepest feelings and thoughts from the past week. They are given 10 mins to write. They can write in language of their own choice and in any format they prefer.
OTHERNeutral writing
Participants are asked to write about the tasks they have completed in the past week in 10 mins. They can write in the language of their choice and in any format they prefer
Sponsors
Kinnaird College for Women
Study design
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
OTHER
Masking
NONE
Intervention model description
The study used a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental non-equivalent control group research design
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
18 Years to 25 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Female undergraduate students * Students scoring mild to moderate distress on Kessler Psychological Distress scale
Exclusion criteria
* Female university students enrolled in psychology programs * Students with physical disability * Students who are already in therapy
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| State Optimism measured by State Optimism Measure | Baseline (pre-intervention) and immediately after the intervention | Change in state optimism assessed using the State Optimism Measure. Higher scores indicate greater levels of state optimism. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| State gratitude measured by the Gratitude Adjective Checklist | Baseline (pre-intervention) and immediately after the intervention | Change in state gratitude assessed using the Gratitude Adjective Checklist. Higher scores indicate greater levels of state gratitude. |
| Psychological distress measured by the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) | Baseline (pre-intervention) and immediately after the intervention | Change in psychological distress assessed using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10). Total scores range from 10 to 50, with higher scores indicating greater psychological distress. |
Countries
Pakistan
Contacts
CONTACTKainat Safdar
Outcome results
None listed