Adults, Cystoscope, General Anesthesia, Penile Length, Spinal Anesthesia
Conditions
Brief summary
This research aimed to explore the impact of spinal and general anesthesia on penile length during surgery.
Detailed description
Penile length and erectile function are complex physiological processes influenced by an interplay of neural, vascular, and hormonal factors. The process of penile erection involves the relaxation of smooth muscles in the corpora cavernosa, leading to increased blood flow and penile engorgement. Erectile dysfunction (ED), a prevalent condition in men, has been associated with numerous risk factors such as age, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and spinal cord injury.
Interventions
PROCEDURESpinal anesthesia
Patients who underwent surgery under spinal anesthesia.
PROCEDUREGeneral anesthesia
Patients who underwent surgery under general anesthesia.
Sponsors
Tanta University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
MALE
Age
21 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Adult male patients aged 21 years or older. * Patients scheduled for elective urological surgeries including transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) or transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURT). * Patients who provided written informed consent for participation in the study.
Exclusion criteria
* Presence of a history of erectile dysfunction, penile deformities, or any urological conditions that could affect penile size. * Undergoing emergency surgeries or procedures that required alternative anesthetic techniques. * Known allergies or hypersensitivity to either spinal or general anesthesia. * Inability or unwillingness to provide informed consent.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Penile length | 20 minutes after anesthesia | Penile length was measured. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Surgeon satisfaction | At the end of the procedure (Up to 2 hours) | The operating surgeon was asked to rate satisfaction with operative conditions related to penile size and accessibility using a structured 3-point ordinal scale: * Unsatisfied - Surgical exposure was insufficient; procedure was significantly hindered. * Hardly satisfied - Procedure was completed with difficulty due to altered penile length or engorgement. * Satisfied - No intraoperative difficulty attributable to penile size or exposure. |
Countries
Egypt
Outcome results
None listed