Low Back Pain
Conditions
Brief summary
Female patients aged 18-75 years with chronic low back pain (lasting at least 3 months) will be included in the study. Demographic data including age, height, weight, educational status, marital status, and comorbidities will be recorded. In addition, clinical characteristics such as pain duration, pain distribution, analgesic use, and concomitant musculoskeletal disorders will be assessed. Uterine position will be evaluated based on pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or pelvic ultrasonography reports obtained within the last year. According to uterine position, participants will be divided into two groups: posteriorly positioned uterus (retroverted and/or retroflexed uterus) and anteriorly positioned uterus (anteverted uterus). Pain severity will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and pain duration will be recorded in months. Pressure pain threshold measurements will be performed using an algometer at bilateral lumbar paraspinal muscles, gluteal regions, and the mid-deltoid muscle as a remote control point. Central sensitization will be assessed using the Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI), and pain catastrophizing will be evaluated using the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS). All assessments will be conducted through face-to-face interviews. No additional laboratory tests, interventional procedures, or treatments will be applied to the participants within the scope of the study. Validated Turkish versions of all scales will be used. The collected data will be analyzed to investigate the relationship between uterine position and pressure pain threshold, central sensitization, and pain catastrophizing levels in women with chronic low back pain.
Interventions
OTHERNo intervention
No intervention
Sponsors
Istanbul Physical Medicine Rehabilitation Training and Research Hospital
Study design
Observational model
CASE_CONTROL
Time perspective
CROSS_SECTIONAL
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
18 Years to 75 Years
Inclusion criteria
Female, aged 18-75 years Presence of chronic low back pain (lasting at least 3 months) Availability of pelvic MRI and/or pelvic ultrasonography within the last year with assessable uterine position (anteverted, retroverted, retroflexed) Ability to read and understand Turkish and complete questionnaires Willingness to participate
Exclusion criteria
Pregnancy or childbirth within the last 6 months (postpartum period) History of lumbar spine surgery, vertebral fracture, or spinal malignancy Presence of inflammatory rheumatic disease (e.g., ankylosing spondylitis), severe neurological disease, or systemic disease affecting low back pain Severe cognitive impairment, communication problems, or major psychiatric disorder preventing participation Absence of pelvic imaging or inability to classify uterine position
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Pressure Pain Threshold (PPT) | Baseline | Pressure pain threshold (kg/cm²) will be measured using an algometer at bilateral lumbar paraspinal muscles, gluteal regions, and the mid-deltoid muscle as a remote control point. Lower values indicate increased pain sensitivity. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Visual Analog Scale (VAS) | Baseline | Pain intensity will be assessed using a 10-cm visual analog scale, where higher scores indicate greater pain severity. |
| Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI) | Baseline | CSI scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating greater central sensitization. |
| Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) | Baseline | The PCS assesses catastrophic thinking related to pain. Higher scores indicate greater pain catastrophizing. |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Outcome results
None listed