Dental Anxiety, Dental Pain
Conditions
Keywords
Music therapy, Dental pain, Dental anxiety, analgesia, non-pharmacological intervention, heart rate, blood pressure, stress response
Brief summary
The goal of this clinical study is to determine whether listening to culturally and personally contextualized music can reduce pain and anxiety in adults undergoing dental procedures. It will also examine how this intervention affects physiological responses related to stress. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does listening to a preselected, patient-chosen musical sequence reduce perceived pain during a dental procedure? * Does the music modulate physiological stress responses, such as heart rate and blood pressure? * Do the analgesic and anxiolytic effects vary depending on the patient's cultural musical preferences (e.g., Mashriq vs. Western music)? How do patients perceive the effectiveness of the music, and how does this relate to physiological and self-reported measures? Researchers will compare periods with and without music during the same dental procedure to evaluate the effect of the musical intervention. Participants will: * Choose a musical sequence from a predefined selection based on relaxing musical characteristics * Undergo a dental treatment involving drilling for caries * Experience alternating phases with and without music during the procedure * Have their heart rate, blood pressure, and pain levels measured at different stages * Complete questionnaires assessing anxiety before the procedure and their experience after the treatment The study includes 30 adult participants and is conducted in a private dental clinic.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALBaseline Assessment (T0)
Measurement of baseline physiological parameters (heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure) prior to the dental procedure, without any auditory stimulation or dental drilling.
BEHAVIORALControl Condition - Silence (Pre-Music Phase)
Participants undergo dental drilling for 30 seconds without music. Physiological parameters (heart rate, blood pressure) and perceived pain intensity are recorded to establish control measures prior to the music intervention.
BEHAVIORALMusic Listening Condition (Intervention Phase)
Participants listen to a self-selected musical sequence from a predefined, culturally and personally contextualized playlist starting 2 minutes before and continuing during a 30-second dental drilling period. Physiological parameters (heart rate and blood pressure) and perceived pain intensity are recorded to assess the effects of the music intervention on pain and stress responses.
BEHAVIORALControl Condition - Silence (Post-Music Phase)
Participants undergo a second 30-second dental drilling period without music following the intervention phase. Physiological parameters and perceived pain intensity are recorded to evaluate post-intervention effects and return to baseline conditions.
Sponsors
Rawane El Dimachki
Sorbonne University
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 60 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Adult patients aged 18 to 60 years. * Visiting the dental clinic for treatment of dental caries. * Able to provide written informed consent.
Exclusion criteria
* Patients who do not provide written informed consent. * Children (under 18 years of age). * Patients with known mental or physical disorders. * Pregnant women. * Patients currently taking analgesics, anxiolytics, or antidepressants.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Perceived Pain Intensity | At T0 (before the procedure), at T1 (30seconds after initiation of drilling, pre-music), at T2 (150seconds after initiation of the procedure,during music), at T3 (330seconds after initiation of the procedure,post-music) within a single treatment session. | Participants report their pain level during each phase of the dental drilling procedure using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst pain imaginable). |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Heart Rate | Baseline (before the procedure), T1 (30 seconds after initiation of drilling, pre-music), T2 (150 seconds after initiation of the procedure, during music), T3 (330 seconds after initiation of the procedure, after music) within a single treatment session. | Participants' heart rate is continuously monitored using a pulse sensor throughout the procedure to evaluate autonomic nervous system responses. |
| Blood Pressure (Systolic and Diastolic) | Baseline (before the procedure), T1 (30 seconds after initiation of drilling, pre-music), T2 (150 seconds after initiation of the procedure, during music), T3 (330 seconds after initiation of the procedure, after music) within a single treatment session. | Systolic and diastolic blood pressure are measured as indicators of physiological stress during each phase of the dental procedure. |
| Post-Treatment Perception of Music Effectiveness | Measured immediately after the dental procedure (post-treatment). | After the procedure, participants complete a short questionnaire, a 6-item scale used to evaluate the subjective perception of music's effectiveness in reducing pain and anxiety, as well as overall satisfaction. Each item is scored on a Likert scale ranging from 1 (Not at all) to 7 (Completely). The total score is calculated by summing the responses to all 6 items. The minimum possible total score is 6 and the maximum possible total score is 42. Higher scores indicate a better outcome (greater perceived effectiveness of the music, higher distraction, and higher patient satisfaction). |
Countries
Lebanon
Outcome results
None listed