Breast Cancer Screening, Cancer Prevention Behavior, Cervical Cancer Screening, Colorectal Cancer Screening
Conditions
Keywords
Breast cancer, Colon cancer, Cervical cancer, Protection motivation, Reduced inequalities
Brief summary
This study aims to develop and evaluate a theory-based educational intervention to improve cancer screening participation among Syrian migrants in Turkey. The study will also develop a Cancer Protection Motivation Scale (CPMS) to measure individuals' motivation toward cancer screening. Using a mixed-methods design, the study will explore barriers, beliefs, and behaviors related to breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening. The effectiveness of the intervention will be assessed using a pretest-posttest design. The findings are expected to support culturally appropriate strategies to improve cancer screening uptake among migrant populations.
Detailed description
Syrian migrants face difficulties accessing cancer screening services due to limited healthcare access, language and cultural barriers, and lack of knowledge about cancer screening. However, there is a lack of practical guidance on how public health initiatives can effectively engage with priority populations, particularly migrants. This study aims to present a protocol for developing a Protection Motivation Theory (PMT)-based educational intervention and the Cancer Protection Motivation Scale, informed by an examination of migrants' and healthcare professionals' perspectives on cancer screening. A mixed-methods study protocol has been developed to create a Protection Motivation Theory (PMT)-based educational intervention and the Cancer Protection Motivation Scale. The study will engage migrants and healthcare professionals to explore knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, and barriers related to breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening. In the qualitative phase, interviews will be conducted with 30 migrants and healthcare professionals, while in the methodological phase, data from 300 migrants will be used to develop and validate the scale and educational intervention. In the experimental phase, the effectiveness of the intervention will be tested with 30 participants. The study is expected to yield a valid and reliable Cancer Protection Motivation Scale and a culturally sensitive, theory-driven educational intervention. These tools will provide guidance for improving cancer awareness and screening behaviors among migrants, addressing barriers related to access, language, culture, and knowledge.
Interventions
OTHERPMT-Based Cancer Screening Educational Intervention
This intervention is a structured educational program developed based on Protection Motivation Theory (PMT). It aims to improve cancer screening behaviors among Syrian migrants through culturally adapted educational sessions focusing on breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening. The intervention targets key components of PMT, including threat appraisal (perceived severity, perceived vulnerability, and rewards) and coping appraisal (self-efficacy, response efficacy, and perceived costs). Educational content is designed to increase awareness, enhance motivation, and reduce perceived barriers. Participants will receive the training through interactive sessions. The effectiveness of the intervention will be evaluated using pretest and posttest assessments with the Cancer Protection Motivation Scale (CPMS).
BEHAVIORALPMT-Based Cancer Screening Education Program
This behavioral intervention is a structured education program based on Protection Motivation Theory (PMT), designed to improve cancer screening behaviors among Syrian migrants. The program targets key PMT constructs, including perceived severity, perceived vulnerability, response efficacy, self-efficacy, and perceived barriers. It includes culturally adapted, interactive educational sessions focusing on breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening. The intervention aims to increase knowledge, enhance motivation, and reduce perceived barriers to screening participation. Effectiveness will be evaluated using pre- and post-intervention assessments with the Cancer Protection Motivation Scale (CPMS).
Sponsors
Toros University
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Masking description
Masking is not applicable because this is a single-group pretest-posttest study in which all participants receive the same educational intervention.
Intervention model description
This is a single-group pretest-posttest study. All participants will receive the same educational intervention; therefore, masking is not applicable.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* over 18 years of age * hold Syrian citizenship * be registered with the Migrant Health Center in Mersin province * have proficiency in Turkish or Arabic * voluntarily agree to participate
Exclusion criteria
* if they hold Turkish citizenship * have a diagnosed psychiatric disorder * have been diagnosed with cancer * wish to withdraw from the study
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Cancer Protection Motivation Scale (CPMS) | 3 weeks | Cancer protection motivation will be assessed using the Cancer Protection Motivation Scale (CPMS), a researcher-developed multidimensional instrument based on Protection Motivation Theory. The scale measures threat appraisal (perceived severity, vulnerability, and rewards), coping appraisal (response efficacy and response cost), and self-efficacy. The CPMS is planned to consist of 24 items rated on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 = strongly disagree to 5 = strongly agree. The total score ranges from 24 to 120, with higher scores indicating greater motivation. Content validity will be evaluated using the Content Validity Index (CVI) based on the opinions of approximately 20 experts. Following language validation, a pilot study will be conducted with 20 participants, after which the scale will be administered to 300 individuals. The CPMS will be used as a pretest and posttest to evaluate effectiveness. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Knowledge of Cancer and Screening (Structured Questionnaire Score) | 3 weeks | Participants' knowledge regarding breast, cervical, and colorectal cancers and related screening programs will be assessed using a researcher-developed structured questionnaire. The questionnaire will include items on cancer risk factors, symptoms, and screening recommendations. It will be administered before the intervention (pretest) and after the educational program (posttest). Higher scores will indicate greater knowledge. |
Contacts
CONTACTNeslihan ÖZCANARSLAN, Phd
Outcome results
None listed