Periodontitis, Periodontal Disease
Conditions
Keywords
Chlorhexidine, Morus nigra, Mouthwash, Scaling and Root Planing
Brief summary
This study aims to evaluate and compare the clinical, biochemical, and microbiological effects of chlorhexidine and Morus nigra (blackberry) mouthwashes used as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal treatment (scaling and root planing - SRP) in patients with periodontal diseases. The participants will be divided into three groups: a control group receiving only SRP, a group receiving SRP combined with chlorhexidine mouthwash, and a group receiving SRP combined with Morus nigra mouthwash. Clinical periodontal parameters, gingival crevicular fluid levels of inflammatory markers (including TNF-a, IL-1b, and IL-10), and subgingival plaque microbiological profiles (such as red complex bacteria and Fusobacterium) will be evaluated at baseline, 1 month, and 3 months after the treatment.
Interventions
DRUG0.12% Chlorhexidine Gluconate Mouthwash
As an adjunct to SRP, patients were instructed to rinse with 15 ml of 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash twice daily (morning and evening) for 1 minute. The treatment duration was 14 days.
DRUG5% Morus Nigra Mouthwash
As an adjunct to SRP, patients were instructed to rinse with 15 ml of a standardized mouthwash containing 5% Morus nigra extract twice daily (morning and evening) for 1 minute. The treatment duration was 14 days.
PROCEDUREScaling and Root Planing (SRP)
All patients in the study underwent non-surgical periodontal therapy consisting of full-mouth scaling and root planing (SRP) using both ultrasonic devices and hand instruments.
Sponsors
Inonu University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Patients diagnosed with periodontitis. * Systemically healthy individuals. * Patients aged between 18 and 65 years. * Presence of at least 20 natural teeth. * Volunteering to participate in the study and signing the informed consent form.
Exclusion criteria
* Presence of any systemic disease that may affect periodontal health or systemic inflammatory response (e.g., Diabetes Mellitus, immunological disorders). * Current smokers or use of any tobacco products. * Pregnancy or lactation. * Use of systemic antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, or immunosuppressive medications within the last 6 months. * Having received any non-surgical or surgical periodontal treatment within the last 6 months. * Known allergy or sensitivity to chlorhexidine or Morus nigra (blackberry) extracts. * Patients using orthodontic appliances.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Gingival Index (GI) | Baseline (Day 0), 1 month, and 3 months after periodontal treatment. | Evaluation of gingival inflammation using a scale of 0 to 3. |
| Plaque Index (PI) | Baseline (Day 0), 1 month, and 3 months after periodontal treatment. | Evaluation of plaque accumulation using a scale of 0 to 3. |
| Probing Depth (PD) | Baseline (Day 0), 1 month, and 3 months after periodontal treatment. | Measurement of the distance from the gingival margin to the bottom of the periodontal pocket. |
| Clinical Attachment Level (CAL) | Baseline (Day 0), 1 month, and 3 months after periodontal treatment. | Measurement of the distance from the cementoenamel junction to the bottom of the periodontal pocket. |
| Bleeding on Probing (BOP) | Baseline (Day 0), 1 month, and 3 months after periodontal treatment. | Evaluation of the presence or absence of bleeding within 30 seconds after probing. The result is recorded as a percentage of sites that bleed. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF) Inflammatory Markers | At baseline, 1 month, and 3 months after treatment | Analysis of TNF-a, IL-1b, and IL-10 levels in the gingival crevicular fluid using ELISA (or specific biochemical assay) to evaluate the local inflammatory response |
| Change in Subgingival Plaque Microbiological Profile | At baseline, 1 month, and 3 months after treatment | Evaluation of subgingival plaque samples to determine the levels of red complex bacteria and Fusobacterium nucleatum using PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) analysis |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Outcome results
None listed