Lipid Metabolism, Metabolism Changes, Obesity & Overweight
Conditions
Brief summary
The goal of this study is to understand if there are differences in the fat, muscle and metabolism of individuals who developed obesity during childhood versus those who developed obesity in adulthood. We will do this by having recruited participants undergo subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies in the abdomen and thigh, a muscle biopsy in the thigh, collect blood and urine samples, a DEXA scan and 3 submaximal exercise tests. participants will also have their resting energy expenditure measured through indirect calorimetry to tailor a targeted weight loss protocol through caloric restriction and cardiovascular exercise (3 times a week). After 10% of weight loss is completed, study participants will repeat all tests during a 2 week weight stabilization period. At 12 weeks into the intervention, indirect calorimetry, DEXA scan and blood tests will be repeated.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALWeight loss
A conventional weight loss program will be implemented for participants to lose approximately 10% of their starting body weight
Sponsors
Concordia University, Montreal
Montreal Children's Hospital of the MUHC
Study design
Observational model
COHORT
Time perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
25 Years to 40 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
We are recruiting two groups of sedentary or untrained males and pre-menopausal females (age 25-40 years) with body mass indices (BMI) between 30.0-39.9 kg/m\^2. All participants will be required to provide a medical record and/or photographic evidence of weight at childhood (around age of 10-17 years old). Individuals with BMI between 40.0-41.9 may be included in the case that an individual with a much shorter height falls within this range, as BMI does not always properly define obesity type. Once the participant completes their DEXA scan, we will be able to more accurately assess the participant's obesity level and re-evaluate their elgibility.
Exclusion criteria
Participants will be excluded if they are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, breast-feeding, presently using nicotine containing products (e.g. cigarettes, chewing tobacco, nicotine gum etc.), taking certain anti-depressants and anti-hypertensives. More modern medications will not need to be excluded as they don't affect weight loss or weight gain. As medication use will be screened, if the participant is using medications that do not affect our outcomes they will be included in the study. Participants will also be excluded if they have had any surgery (e.g. gastric bypass, magnetic implants) or have any conditions (e.g. iron deficiency anemia) or diseases (e.g. diabetes, cancer, IBD, history of eating disorders or mental illness) that may affect immune function and thus study outcomes, or the ability to participate in the study. Participants must also have been weight stable for at least 2 months.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Immune cell quantification | 4 years | Flow cytometry will be used to quantify immune cell levels in adipose tissue |
| Pre-adipocyte and adipocyte characteristics | 5 years | Cellular characteristics such as proliferation, differentiation and cellular senescence will measured. |
| Muscle and adipose tissue interaction | 5 years | Cell culture interactions between myocytes and adipocytes will be evaluated to understand their interactions |
| Blood inflammatory markers | 5 years | The inflammatory cytokines (e.g. IL6, TNFα), chemokines (e.g. monocyte chemoattractant protein-1), genomics, and adipokines (e.g. leptin, adiponectin) in blood and adipose tissue via PCR, luminex or ELISA will be measured |
Countries
Canada
Contacts
CONTACTSylvia Santosa, R.D, Ph.D
CONTACTKayla Toledano, Ph.D Student
PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATORSylvia Santosa
Concordia University, Montreal
Outcome results
None listed