Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases
Conditions
Brief summary
This study aims to evaluate the impact of dysphagia on eating and swallowing functions, gastrointestinal symptoms, and related clinical findings in individuals with inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Additionally, the study aims to identify differences between individuals with and without dysphagia.
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
Pamukkale University
Study design
Observational model
OTHER
Time perspective
CROSS_SECTIONAL
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Having a diagnosis of a rheumatic disease (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, etc.) * Being 18 years of age or older * Having the cognitive ability to answer the questionnaires * Volunteering to participate in the study
Exclusion criteria
* Having any neurological or psychological disorder that may prevent participation * Having a psychiatric disorder severe enough to affect cooperation * Being hospitalized during an acute flare * History of active gastrointestinal surgery within the last 3 months
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10) | at baseline | The primary outcome is the risk of dysphagia in patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases, measured using a validated questionnaire administered once to each participant. The swallowing function was assessed using the Eating Assessment Tool-10 (EAT-10). The scale consists of 10 items, with a total score ranging from 0 to 40. Higher scores indicate a greater severity of swallowing impairment (a score of ≥3 is considered indicative of dysphagia) |
| Fonseca Anamnestic Questionnaire | at baseline | The severity of temporomandibular disorders was assessed using the Fonseca Anamnestic Index (FAI). The index consists of 10 items with a total score ranging from 0 to 100. Higher scores indicate a greater severity of temporomandibular dysfunction |
| Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) | at baseline | Gastrointestinal symptoms were evaluated using the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS). The scale consists of 15 items scored on a 7-point Likert scale ranging from 1 to 7. Total and subscale scores are calculated, where higher scores indicate greater symptom severity and a worse clinical condition. |
| Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS) | at baseline | The patient's functional level of oral intake was assessed using the Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS). The scale is a 7-point ordinal scale with scores ranging from 1 to 7. Unlike many other clinical tools, higher scores on the FOIS indicate better functional oral intake, with a score of 1 representing total tube dependency and a score of 7 representing total oral intake with no restrictions. |
| Mediterranean Diet Quality Index (KIDMED) | at baseline | Nutritional habits and adherence to the Mediterranean diet were evaluated using the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index (KIDMED). The index is based on a 16-item questionnaire with total scores ranging from -4 to 12. Higher scores indicate better adherence to the Mediterranean diet and higher dietary quality. |
| Reflux Symptom Index (RSI) | at baseline | The severity of laryngopharyngeal reflux symptoms was assessed using the Reflux Symptom Index (RSI). The index is a 9-item self-reported questionnaire with a total score ranging from 0 to 45. Higher scores indicate a greater severity of symptoms, with a score of 13 or higher typically considered as clinically significant for reflux. |
| Malnutrition Inflammation Score | at baseline | Nutritional status and inflammation levels were assessed using the Malnutrition-Inflammation Score (MIS). The score consists of 10 components, including clinical history, physical examination, body mass index, and laboratory parameters (serum albumin and total iron-binding capacity). Each component is scored from 0 to 3, with total scores ranging from 0 to 30. Higher scores indicate a greater severity of malnutrition and inflammation. |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Outcome results
None listed