EMS Exposures or Injuries of EMS Personnel, Ergonomics, Occupational Injuries
Conditions
Brief summary
Effect of the "EMS Back-Up" Ergonomic Program on Paramedics' Manual Handling Safety.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALEMS Back-Up Program
A multi-modal training session including: 1. Theoretical lectures on biomechanics and ergonomics. 2. Skill-based workshop (SAFE process). 3. High-fidelity simulation of patient extrication and manual handling.
Sponsors
Taipei Medical University WanFang Hospital
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
20 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
1. Frontline Emergency Medical Technicians (EMTs) or paramedics. 2. Active duty personnel involved in patient handling and transport.
Exclusion criteria
1. Non-frontline personnel (administrative only). 2. Students or trainees not yet in clinical practice.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Total Score on the Standardized Manual Handling Checklist | Baseline (Pre-test) and Immediate Post-intervention (within 8 hours). | Technical proficiency is measured using the 9-item Standardized Manual Handling Checklist v3.0. Each item is scored on a 3-point scale (0 = not achieved, 1 = partially achieved, 2 = fully achieved). The total score is calculated by summing the scores of all 9 items, resulting in a range from 0 to 18. A higher total score indicates a higher level of technical proficiency and safer manual patient handling performance. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Rated Perceived Exertion (RPE) | Baseline and Immediate Post-intervention. | Borg CR10 Scale (0-10), assessing the subjective physical effort during task execution. |
| Score on the EMS Ergonomics and Safety Knowledge Test | Baseline and Immediate Post-intervention. | Theoretical knowledge is assessed via a 12-item multiple-choice and true/false questionnaire focusing on biomechanics, injury prevention, and the SAFE handling process. Each correct answer is awarded 1 point. The total score ranges from 0 to 12. A higher score represents a greater understanding of occupational safety and ergonomic principles related to patient handling. |
| Mean Score of Transtheoretical Model (TTM) Stages of Change | Baseline and Immediate Post-intervention. | Readiness for behavioral change is assessed using a 5-point scale corresponding to the TTM stages: 1 = Pre-contemplation, 2 = Contemplation, 3 = Preparation, 4 = Action, and 5 = Maintenance. The result is reported as the mean stage score across 5 specific behavioral items (C1-C5). The score ranges from 1 to 5, where a higher numerical value indicates a more advanced stage of readiness for adopting safe manual handling behaviors. |
| Mean Score of Health Belief Model (HBM) Self-Efficacy Construct | Baseline and Immediate Post-intervention. | Perceived self-efficacy is measured using a 5-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree to 5 = strongly agree) based on two specific items (D10, D11) regarding the ability to perform and lead safe handling techniques. The outcome is the mean of these items, ranging from 1 to 5. A higher score reflects a higher level of confidence in performing safe manual handling tasks. |
Countries
Taiwan
Contacts
CONTACTLiang-Fu Chen
Outcome results
None listed