Cholesterol (Total and HDL), Glucose Levels, Low-density Lipoprotein Lipid Composition, Pain
Conditions
Keywords
Diabetic educational intervention, Painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy, Cinnamon supplementation, Insulin resistance, Blood glucose, Lipid profile.
Brief summary
The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of a diabetes education intervention with cinnamon supplement on blood glucose, lipid profile, body mass index (BMI), and peripheral neuropathy pain in adults with type 2 diabetes. A quasi-experimental pretest/post-test design was employed, with data collected from March to August 2022 at endocrinology clinics at the Ministry of Health Clinics in Jordan. The study included 62 adults with PDPN, who were randomly assigned to either an experimental or a control group. Data were collected at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months using clinical and biochemical assessments and the Numeric Rating Scale for pain.
Detailed description
Background: Painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (PDPN) is a common complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), often preceded by insulin resistance (IR). Food supplements, especially cinnamon, along with educational interventions, have shown positive effects on long-term diseases, such as diabetes. Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of a diabetes education intervention with cinnamon supplement on blood glucose, lipid profile, body mass index (BMI), and peripheral neuropathy pain in adults with type 2 diabetes. Methods: A quasi-experimental pretest/post-test design was employed, with data collected from March to August 2022 at endocrinology clinics at the Ministry of Health Clinics in Jordan. The study included 62 adults with PDPN, who were randomly assigned to either an experimental or a control group. Data were collected at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months using clinical and biochemical assessments and the Numeric Rating Scale for pain.
Interventions
OTHERDiabetic Educational Intervention and Dietary Supplements
The structured educational intervention and dietary supplementation model was specifically designed for adult patients with painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy. It was developed by the authors based on a review of relevant literature and aligned with the self-management efficacy philosophy. The model covered the following topics: information about DM and PDPN, diabetes complications, prevention through self-car, self-efficacy towards the management of PDPN, diabetes self-care activities include medication administration, blood glucose self-analysis, and foot care, compliance and lifestyle modification such as a healthy diet adapted to the diabetic individual, physical exercise, quitting smoking, regular follow-up, and weight control, self-efficacy towards the management of hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia, pain management, and information about cinnamon supplementation.
Sponsors
Al-Quds University
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* adult patients (aged 18 years or older) * diagnosed with painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy at Ministry of Health Clinics in 2021.
Exclusion criteria
* Participants with chronic conditions such as chronic kidney disease (CKD). * Hypertension patients. * Cardiovascular disease (CVD). * Other coexisting medical issues, including cognitive impairment or sensory impairments (e.g., reading or hearing difficulties). * Individuals who had received treatments that could influence blood glucose levels or pain perception during basic insulin and peripheral neuropathy (PNP) therapy (such as glucocorticoids, weight-loss medications, or therapies related to vitamin B12 or iron supplementation).
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Lipid Profile Levels | up to 4 months | Lipid Profile Levels (Lipid profile levels (Total, HDL, LDL cholesterol, and Triglycerides) are primarily measured in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) |
| Blood Glucose | up to 4 months | Fasting blood glucose (FBG) (mg/dL) + Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) (%) |
| Body Mass Index | up to 4 months | Body Mass Index using (Weight in Kg/Height in m2). Weight and height will be combined to report BMI in kg/m\^2 |
| Pain levels | up to 4 months | Pain levels using Pain numeric Rating Scale form 0 to 10 |
Countries
Palestinian Territories
Outcome results
None listed