Knee Osteoarthritis
Conditions
Keywords
Knee Osteoarthritis, Mobilization with Movement, Aquatic Exercises
Brief summary
This study aims to compare the effects of aquatic and land-based Mulligan mobilization with movement in individuals with knee osteoarthritis, with particular focus on their impact on pain and functional outcomes.
Detailed description
This study aims to compare the effects of aquatic and land-based Mulligan mobilization with movement in individuals with knee osteoarthritis. Specifically, it will examine and compare the impact of both intervention approaches on pain intensity and functional ability. By evaluating these outcomes, the study seeks to determine whether the aquatic environment offers additional therapeutic benefits over land-based treatment, thereby contributing to improved functional performance and overall quality of life in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
Interventions
OTHERAquatic Mobilization with Movement
This intervention group will receive treatment for four weeks inside the pool, in addition to the conventional knee osteoarthritis rehabilitation protocol.
OTHERLand Mobilization with Movement
This intervention group will receive treatment for four weeks on land, in addition to the conventional knee osteoarthritis rehabilitation protocol.
Sponsors
Riphah International University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
OTHER
Masking
SINGLE (Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
40 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Age 40-65 years * Bilateral knee osteoarthritis diagnosed according to the American College of Rheumatology Clinical Classification system for at least 1 year * Kellgren \& Lawrence grade 2 and 3 * Able to walk independently/unaided
Exclusion criteria
* Active participation in gyms, pool(swimming), or any other physical activity * Intra-articular corticosteroid injections in the last 3 months or hyaluronic knee injection in the last 6 months. * History of lower limb trauma/surgery, presence of fracture or lower limb deformity, or planned surgery within the study period * Any diagnosed severe cardiovascular, pulmonary, neurological, or psychological disease/impairment. * Individuals with aquaphobia (fear of water), discomfort performing aquatic exercises, or allergy/sensitivity to chlorine or other pool treatment chemicals.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Visual Analog Scale (VAS) | 4 weeks | The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) is a straightforward and reliable method for evaluating pain on a continuous visual range.The extreme limits of pain are represented by the straight line's ends, where 0 indicates no pain, and 10 indicates the worst pain a person has ever felt. |
| Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) | 4 weeks | It is used to assess activities of daily living, functional mobility, gait, general health, and quality of life. It has 24 items divided into 3 subscales: pain (5 items), stiffness (2 items), and physical function (17 items). The scores range from 0 to 4 for each subscale. The score ranges from 0 to 96, where zero indicates no pain, stiffness, and functional limitation. Higher scores indicate worse pain, stiffness, and functional limitation. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Range of Motion of Knee | 4 weeks | A Goniometer is used to measure active and passive range of motion for knee flexion and extension while the patient is lying on their back. |
| Time Up and Go (TUG) | 4 weeks | The Timed Up and Go test is a widely used measure of functional mobility in patients. Two trials are performed, with the fastest time recorded to the nearest 0.1 second. A shorter time indicates better functional performance. |
| Intrinsic Motivational Inventory (IMI) | 4 weeks | It is a multidimensional scale used to measure intrinsic motivation for personalized fitness program. The subscales of Interest/Enjoyment (IENJ), Perceived Competence (COMP), Effort/Importance (EIMP), and Tension/Pressure (TENP) will be used for the study. Each item will be rated on a Likert scale ranging from 1 to 7. Higher scores of interest/enjoyment, perceived competence, effort/importance indicate better outcomes, while worse outcomes are indicated by increased scores or tension/pressure. |
Countries
Pakistan
Contacts
CONTACTSuman Sheraz, PhD
CONTACTImran Amjad, PhD
PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATORSuman Sheraz, PhD
Riphah International University
Outcome results
None listed