Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus With Complication
Conditions
Keywords
muscles weakness, disability, reduced quality of life,
Brief summary
To compare the effects of High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training (MICT) on functional mobility, muscle strength, and quality of life in individuals with type-2-diabetes.
Detailed description
Comparing the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on functional mobility, muscle strength, and quality of life in diabetic patients is important due to the increasing burden of diabetes and its associated complications. Diabetes often leads to reduced physical function, muscle weakness, and poor quality of life. While both HIIT and MICT have demonstrated positive effects on health outcomes, it is not yet clear which exercise regimen offers superior benefits for improving mobility, strength, and overall well-being in diabetic individuals. Diabetes often leads to reduced physical function, muscle weakness, and poor quality of life. While both HIIT and MICT have demonstrated positive effects on health outcomes, it is not yet clear which exercise regimen offers superior benefits for improving mobility, strength, and overall well-being in diabetic individuals. Understanding this can guide the development of more effective exercise protocols for diabetes management.
Interventions
OTHERHigh Intensity Interval Training
3 session per week, 12 weeks sessions continued, each session had 4 sets of 4 minutes exercise with 3 min active rest inbetween routines. total 30 minutes per session, Sprinting and Jump squatting RPE 15-18
OTHERModerate Intensity Continuous Training
3 session per week, 12 weeks sessions continued, 40 minutes one single exercise regime with no intervals. Brisk Walking on Treadmill, RPE-11-13
Sponsors
Riphah International University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
SINGLE (Outcomes Assessor)
Masking description
It was a single blinded study, the assessor was blind
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
35 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
:• Adults aging form 35 to 65. * Both male and female diabetic patients. * Individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes for at least five years. * Individuals able to participate in moderate to intense physical activity.
Exclusion criteria
* • Individuals with significant orthopedic limitations. * Individuals with uncontrolled cardiovascular disease or musculoskeletal issues. * Individuals with incontinence issues during physical activity or inability to comply to study protocols
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| TUG timed up go test | baseline pre exam, 6th week of intervention, and 12th week | Functional mobility is evaluated by the TUG test. The TUG test has revealed very high test-retest reliability among patients with diabetes, as shown by the ICC values from 0.93 to 0.99 |
| Hand Grip Strength Test | baseline pre exam, 6th week of intervention, and 12th week | To assess the power of muscles a dynamometer used to test the gripping power of participants making an objective estimate of the strength of the muscles in the upper body. This method had the same validity as that of the whole functional capacity in diabetic populations, with coefficients of 0.70 to 0.85 being most common |
| Chair Stand Test | baseline pre exam, 6th week of intervention, and 12th week | In order to evaluate again the strength of the lower limb muscles. The individuals were measured how fast they could stand up from a chair and sit down again and again, which is an indicator of muscle endurance and functional strength. The test has shown really high reliability in diabetic populations with ICC values being around 0.85 to 0.91. |
| The Borg 6-20 Scale | baseline pre exam, 6th week of intervention, and 12th week | The Borg 6-20 scale used to measure the rate of perceived exertion. It has a strong relationship with heart rate and oxygen consumption with the range of correlation coefficients between 0.80 and 0.88 for diabetic individuals. The Borg RPE scale in T2DM has a test-retest reliability indicated by the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) of about 0.85 to 0.92, which means that people give similar ratings of their exertion consistently across repeated sessions in similar exercise conditions |
| WHOQOL-BREF Questionnaire | baseline pre exam, 6th week of intervention, and 12th week | The WHOQOL-BREF is a universal instrument that measures the quality of life in different aspects such as physical health, psychological health, social relationships, and environment. In patients with diabetes, the WHOQOL-BREF reveals a strong internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha values ranging from 0.76 to 0.88 |
Contacts
CONTACTImran Amjad, Phd.
PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATORSobia Kanwal, tDPT
Riphah International University
Outcome results
None listed