Addiction Gambling, Problem Gambling
Conditions
Keywords
Gambling, Impulsivity, Boredom, Addiction behavior, Shift work schedule
Brief summary
Problem gambling (PG) is influenced by environmental, psychological, and socioeconomic factors, including impulsivity, depression, anxiety, and characteristics such as marital status, age, and educational level. In France, approximately 5% of adults are affected by PG. Workers with atypical schedules or periods of inactivity at work are at risk of developing problematic gambling behavior. Stress, burnout, and boredom at work can exacerbate these risks. Working atypical hours, such as night shifts, is linked to mental health disorders such as depression and anxiety, which may increase the risk of PG. However, there is a lack of research on the impact of atypical schedules and periods of inactivity on PG. This research will explore the association between work schedules, periods of inactivity, and PG, particularly among workers who may be influenced by gambling norms and the specific characteristics of their jobs.
Detailed description
Problem gambling (PG) can have serious consequences for individuals, their loved ones, and society. It is influenced by environmental, psychological, and socioeconomic factors, including impulsivity, depression, anxiety, and characteristics such as marital status, age, and educational level. In France, approximately 5% of adults are affected by PG. Workers, particularly those with atypical schedules or periods of inactivity at work, are at risk of developing problematic gambling behavior. Stress, burnout, and boredom at work can exacerbate these risks. Working atypical hours, such as night shifts, is also linked to mental health disorders such as depression and anxiety, which could increase vulnerability to PG. However, there is a lack of research on the impact of atypical schedules and periods of inactivity on PG. This research project aims to explore the association between work schedules, periods of inactivity, and PG, particularly among workers who may be influenced by gambling norms and the specific characteristics of their jobs.
Interventions
OTHERCompletion of an online survey lasting approximately 25 minutes
Online survey lasting approximately 25 minutes
Sponsors
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nīmes
Institut de Recherche en Santé Publique, France
Study design
Observational model
COHORT
Time perspective
RETROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Employed patients * Patients who have gambled at least once during the year * Patients who are willing to participate in the survey.
Exclusion criteria
* Patients who cannot read the French language
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Association between atypical working hours and time spent inactive at work and the ICJE (= Indice Canadien du jeu excessif = Canadian Problem Gambling Index) score | Over a period of 2 months | The Canadian Problem Gambling Index assesses the prevalence of gambling and problem gambling in the general population and has been used in France since the first epidemiological survey on gambling. It contains indicators of social context and degrees of severity and the risk levels of gamblers are estimated based on self-assessed criteria. The index consists of 9 questions covering the last 12 months, answered using a Likert scale (never, sometimes, most of the time, almost always). Each player is assigned a score ranging from 0 to 27 points, depending on the severity of their gambling problems, which allows players to be categorized into four distinct groups: "low-risk gambler" (score = 0), "moderate-risk gambler" (score = 1-2), "moderate-risk gambler" (score = 3-7), and "excessive gambler" (score = 8 and above). |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| A. Links between boredom at work, atypical working hours, idle time, and problem gambling | Over a period of 2 months | The DUBS (Dutch Boredom Scale) score will be used to evaluate the link between the presence of atypical working hours (dichotomous variable "yes/no" + if "yes": categorical variable: working hour categories) and perceived inactivity time (continuous variable) on the Canadian Problem Gambling Index score (continuous variable). The DUBS consists of 8 questions to be answered according to frequency in which 0 =Never, 1 = Almost Never, 2 = Sometimes, 3 = Often, 4 = Very Often, 5= Always. The higher the score, the greater the amount of boredom experienced. |
| B. Links between impulsivity, atypical working hours, idle time, and problem gambling. | Over a period of 2 months | The UPPS-P (Urgency-Premeditation-Perseverance-Sensation Seeking-Positive) impulsive behavior scale score will be used to evaluate the link between atypical working hours (dichotomous variable "yes/no" + if "yes": categorical variable: working hour categories) and perceived downtime (continuous variable) on the ICJE score (continuous variable). The UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale is a 59-item self report scale to assess impulsive personality. The scale can be used with adults or adolescents (ages 13+) to identify the separate personality facets that have been previously lumped together under the term "impulsivity". |
| C. Links between emotional dysregulation, atypical working hours, idle time and problem gambling. | Over a period of 2 months | Interaction between the score on the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) scale, the presence of atypical working hours (dichotomous variable "yes/no" + if "yes": categorical variable: working hour categories) and perceived downtime (continuous variable) on the ICJE score (continuous variable). The DERS is a 36-item a measure designed to assess clinically relevant difficulties in emotion regulation and provides valuable insights into an individual's ability to understand, accept, and manage emotions effectively. The 36 questions can be answered by Almost Never, Sometimes, About half the time, Most of the time or Almost always with scores ranging from 1 - 5 for each answer. |
| D. Links between anxiety, atypical working hours, idle time and problem gambling. | Over a period of 2 months | Interaction between the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale score, the presence of atypical working hours (dichotomous variable "yes/no" + if "yes": categorical variable: working hour categories) and perceived downtime (continuous variable) on the ICJE score (continuous variable). The GAD 7 is an easy-to-perform initial screening tool for generalized anxiety disorder. Comprising seven items, the GAD-7 measures the frequency of anxiety symptoms over the past two weeks, with respondents rating each item on a scale from "not at all" to "nearly every day." |
| E. Links between depression, atypical working hours, idle time and problem gambling. | Over a period of 2 months | Interaction between the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) 9 score, the presence of atypical working hours (dichotomous variable "yes/no" + if "yes": categorical variable: working hour categories) and perceived downtime (continuous variable) on the ICJE score (continuous variable) |
| F. Links between quality of life, atypical working hours, idle time and problem gambling. | Over a period of 2 months | Interaction between the Gambling Quality of Life Scale -brief (GQoLS-Brief) brief scale score, the presence of atypical working hours (dichotomous variable "yes/no" + if "yes": categorical variable: working hour categories) and perceived inactivity time (continuous variable) on the ICJE score (continuous variable). The GQoLS -brief assesses the impact of gambling disorder (GD) on quality of life (QoL) and contains questions scored on a 4-point Likert scale. |
| G. Links between perceived prescriptive gaming norms at work, atypical working hours, idle time and problem gambling. | Over a period of 2 months | G. Interaction between the Gambling Attitudes and Injunctive Norms Scale scale score, the presence of atypical working hours (dichotomous variable "yes/no" + if "yes": categorical variable: working hour categories) and perceived inactivity time (continuous variable) on the ICJE score (continuous variable).The Gambling Attitudes and Injunctive Norms Scale (GAINS; Neighbors et al., 2007) was developed to examine relationships among injunctive norms and college student gambling. The 32-item scale consists of sixteen attitudinal items, asking participants about their approval or disapproval of students engaging in different gambling behaviors. Mean score for the sample on these items serves as the actual injunctive norms comparison. The remaining 16 perceived injunctive norms items ask "How do you think most college students feel about other students' gambling behavior?" The items consist of a 5-point Likert scale ranging from "Strongly Disapprove" to "Strongly Approve." |
Countries
France
Contacts
CONTACTAmandine Luquiens, Professor
CONTACTAnissa MEGZARI
Outcome results
None listed