Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic Foot Diabetic Foot Care
Conditions
Keywords
Foot Self-Care, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetes Education
Brief summary
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease with systemic, acute and chronic complications whose prevalence is increasing all over the world and in our country (Satman et al. 2013). The prevalence of diabetes all over the world and in Turkey is increasing day by day and this situation is becoming an important public health problem (Aytemur and Vardar İnkaya 2022). Diabetic foot is an important complication that causes organ loss, affects individuals mentally, physically, socially and economically, and requires frequent hospitalization and surgical intervention (Danmusa et al. 2016, Kalaycı et al. 2020). In the prevention of diabetes, it is necessary to raise awareness and gain healthy lifestyle behaviors. This study aims to increase foot self-care behaviors, diabetes management self-efficacy and quality of life of individuals with type 2 diabetes with the education program and reminder mobile applications.
Detailed description
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder associated with significant morbidity and mortality, including diabetic foot complications that may lead to infection, ulceration, and amputation. Effective foot self-care behaviors are essential to prevent these complications. However, many individuals with T2DM demonstrate insufficient knowledge and adherence to recommended self-care practices. This randomized controlled trial was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of a structured education program combined with mobile reminder messages on foot self-care behaviors, diabetes management self-efficacy, and quality of life in individuals with T2DM. Participants were randomly assigned to either an intervention group or a control group. The intervention group received a structured diabetes foot care education program and regular reminder messages delivered through mobile communication. The control group received standard care according to routine clinical practice. Data were collected at baseline and during follow-up assessments. The primary outcome measure was foot self-care behavior. Secondary outcomes included diabetes management self-efficacy and quality of life. Validated measurement tools were used for all assessments. The results of this study are expected to provide evidence regarding the effectiveness of education and mobile reminder interventions in improving self-care behaviors and preventing diabetes-related foot complications.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALDiabetes Education and Mobile Reminder Program
Participants in the intervention group receive a structured diabetes education program focusing on foot self-care behaviors, diabetes self-management, and prevention of foot complications. The education is delivered through scheduled face-to-face training sessions supported by educational materials. In addition, participants receive regular mobile reminder messages via a mobile application designed to reinforce self-care practices, medication adherence, daily foot inspection, and lifestyle modification. The mobile reminders are delivered multiple times per week throughout the study period to enhance behavioral adherence and self-efficacy.
BEHAVIORALUsual Care
Four-session education on diabetes and diabetic foot care, plus WhatsApp group reminders (texts/brochures/videos) and periodic private reminder messages; includes a home visit and provision of a foot-care kit; follow-up for 6 months.
Sponsors
Selma Sahin
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Adults aged 18-65 years * Diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus * Able to read and understand Turkish * Owns a smartphone and uses WhatsApp * Provides written informed consent
Exclusion criteria
*
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame |
|---|---|
| Change in Diabetes Foot Self-Care Behavior Score | Baseline to 6 months |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Outcome results
None listed