Childbirth, Duration of Labor, Fatigue During Childbirth, Labor Pains, Pushing During Childbirth
Conditions
Keywords
duration of labor, pain, pushing, fatigue
Brief summary
The Effect of Pushing Techniques Used During Childbirth on Women's Labor Duration, Pain, and Fatigue Levels
Detailed description
This study will be conducted with women who have given birth. The research is designed as a randomized controlled experimental study. The sample will consist of women who apply to the maternity ward of a hospital in Turkey for normal delivery. A total of 128 women are planned to be included in the study, divided into two groups: 64 in the spontaneous pushing group and 64 in the Valsalva pushing group. Data will be collected using a Personal Information Form, a Visual Analog Scale, and a Visual Analog Scale for Fatigue. The pushing methods used during childbirth will be taught to the women by the researcher, and then they will be asked to practice them. The forms will be administered during the latent phase and the fourth stage of labor.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALSpontaneous straining
In this pushing method, pregnant women remain in a squatting position during the second stage of labor. The researcher provides the women with information about spontaneous pushing. The women will be supported in spontaneous pushing, and their urge to push will be taken into consideration. In spontaneous pushing: Regular breathing until the urge to push is felt when contractions begin, inhaling and contracting the core muscles, pushing slowly, exhaling smoothly while contracting during pushing, pushing for 5-6 seconds while exhaling, pushing smoothly and regularly for 5-6 seconds while inhaling and exhaling, and regular breathing when contractions slow down.
BEHAVIORALValsalva type pushing
* When contractions begin, take two regular breaths, * Then take a deep breath and hold it, * Tighten your diaphragm and abdominal muscles, * Push as hard and for as long as possible (10-15 seconds), * Continue holding your breath while pushing (glottis closed), * Exhale, take a deep breath, continue holding your breath, * Push hard again for 10-15 seconds, * Stop pushing when contractions ease, * Relax and try to rest until the next contraction.
Sponsors
Cumhuriyet University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
19 Years to 35 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Being between 19-35 years old * Having had a normal vaginal delivery, * Being between 38-41 weeks pregnant, * Having a cervical dilation of 8 cm or more, * Being nulliparous, * Having a singleton pregnancy, * Not having a diagnosed physical health problem in the fetus or mother, * Not having a diagnosed mental health problem in the mother, * Not having hearing or perception problems, * Volunteering to participate in the study.
Exclusion criteria
* Being under 19 or over 35 years of age, * Having undergone a planned cesarean section, * Being gestational age between 38 and 41 weeks, * Cervical dilation less than 8 cm, * Being multiparous, * Having a multiple pregnancy, * Having a diagnosed physical health problem in the fetus or mother, * Having a diagnosed mental health problem in the mother, * Having hearing and perception problems, * Not being a volunteer to participate in the study.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Visual Analogue Scale | Baseline | It is used to assess pain intensity. The scale is graded from 0 to 10 cm in length, where 0 represents no pain and 10 represents the most severe pain. It is applied by having the individual mark a point corresponding to the intensity of the pain they feel. The distance between the marked point and the lowest end of the line is measured in centimeters, and the resulting numerical value indicates the patient's pain intensity. |
| Visual Similarity Scale for Fatigue | Baseline | The Visual Analogy Scale for Fatigue consists of 18 items. 13 items form the fatigue subscale, and five items form the energy subscale. The most positive and the most negative statements are located at opposite ends of the scale, and horizontal lines with 10 cm intervals are placed between the two statements. A high score on the fatigue subscale and a low score on the energy subscale indicate a higher intensity of fatigue. The minimum score for the fatigue subscale was 0, and the maximum score was 130; the minimum score for the energy subscale was 0, and the maximum score was 50. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Visual Analogue Scale | In the fourth stage of labor | It is used to assess pain intensity. The scale is graded from 0 to 10 cm in length, where 0 represents no pain and 10 represents the most severe pain. It is applied by having the individual mark a point corresponding to the intensity of the pain they feel. The distance between the marked point and the lowest end of the line is measured in centimeters, and the resulting numerical value indicates the patient's pain intensity. |
| Visual Analogy Scale for Fatigue | In the fourth stage of labor | The Visual Analogy Scale for Fatigue consists of 18 items. 13 items form the fatigue subscale, and five items form the energy subscale. The most positive and the most negative statements are located at opposite ends of the scale, and horizontal lines with 10 cm intervals are placed between the two statements. A high score on the fatigue subscale and a low score on the energy subscale indicate a higher intensity of fatigue. The minimum score for the fatigue subscale was 0, and the maximum score was 130; the minimum score for the energy subscale was 0, and the maximum score was 50. |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Contacts
PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATORSukran Ertekin Pinar, Prof. Dr.
Cumhuriyet University
Outcome results
None listed