Children, Hearing Loss, Bilateral Sensorineural, Pulmonary Function, Respiratory Muscle Strength
Conditions
Brief summary
This study aims to compare pulmonary function and respiratory muscle strength between children with hearing impairment and their healthy peers. Hearing plays a critical role not only in communication but also in cognitive, sensory, and psychomotor development. Children with hearing impairment may experience balance and coordination problems, vestibular dysfunction, and reduced muscle strength, which may negatively affect respiratory function. Although several studies have evaluated pulmonary function in children with hearing impairment, research investigating respiratory muscle strength in this population is limited. To our knowledge, no peer-reviewed study has directly compared respiratory muscle strength between children with hearing impairment and healthy controls. This study will compare spirometric parameters and respiratory muscle strength measurements between children with hearing impairment and age-matched healthy controls.
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
Bezmialem Vakif University
Study design
Observational model
CASE_CONTROL
Time perspective
CROSS_SECTIONAL
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
7 Years to 16 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
For Children With Hearing Loss Group: * Aged between 7 and 16 years * Diagnosed with hearing loss * No neurological or orthopedic disorders * No syndrome and/or disease causing intellectual disability, developmental disorder, or visual impairment * No use of medication affecting respiratory function within the last 3 months * Written informed consent obtained from parent or legal guardian For Healthy Control Group: * Aged between 7 and 16 years * No hearing impairment * No neurological or orthopedic disorders * No syndrome and/or disease causing intellectual disability, developmental disorder, or visual impairment * No use of medication affecting respiratory function within the last 3 months * Written informed consent obtained from parent or legal guardian
Exclusion criteria
(Both Groups) * Intellectual disability preventing participation in assessment procedures * Presence of chronic respiratory disease * Inability to perform pulmonary function or respiratory muscle strength tests properly
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Maximum Inspiratory Pressure (MIP) | At baseline (single assessment) | Respiratory muscle strength assessed by measuring maximum inspiratory pressure (cmH₂O) using a portable electronic mouth pressure device (MicroRPM) according to ATS/ERS guidelines. |
| Maximum Expiratory Pressure (MEP) | At baseline (single assessment) | Forced vital capacity measured by spirometry (COSMED Pony FX) according to ATS/ERS criteria; values expressed as absolute and percentage of predicted values. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) | At baseline (single assessment) | Forced vital capacity measured by spirometry (COSMED Pony FX) according to ATS/ERS criteria; values expressed as absolute and percentage of predicted values. |
| Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 Second (FEV1) | At baseline (single assessment) | Forced expiratory volume in the first second measured by spirometry; values expressed as absolute and percentage of predicted values. |
| FEV1/FVC Ratio | At baseline (single assessment) | Ratio of FEV1 to FVC obtained from spirometric assessment. |
| Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) | At baseline (single assessment) | Peak expiratory flow measured by spirometry. |
| Forced Expiratory Flow 25-75% (FEF25-75%) | At baseline (single assessment) | Forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of FVC measured by spirometry. |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Outcome results
None listed