Neonatal, Pain Management
Conditions
Keywords
newborn
Brief summary
One of the most common and painful procedures in newborns is taking a capillary blood sample from the heel. This basic procedure, widely used in early health assessments, particularly in newborn screening tests, can cause mild to moderate pain.While both pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches are used in pain management in newborns, the primary goal is to minimize and prevent painful stimuli as much as possible. Non-pharmacological methods are preferred in newborn care because they have no side effects, are easy to apply, low-cost, and caregiver-friendly.
Detailed description
This study was designed as a prospective, three-arm, parallel-group randomized controlled trial. It focused on non-pharmacological methods (lavender oil, mandarin oil, control group/standard care).Mothers of newborns meeting the recruitment criteria were informed of the study before heel prick testing and provided verbal and written consent. The standard approach involves performing heel prick testing on all newborns in their mothers' arms.
Interventions
OTHERoil
experiment
Sponsors
Sakarya University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
HEALTH_SERVICES_RESEARCH
Masking
SINGLE (Outcomes Assessor)
Intervention model description
2 intervention, 1 control
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
37 Weeks to 42 Weeks
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Gestational age between 38-42 weeks, * APGAR score of 7 or higher at 5 minutes, * Neither mother nor baby should have used sedatives, tranquilizers, or anticonvulsants in the last 24 hours, * Heel prick blood should be planned as part of the routine neonatal screening program, * No blood should be taken from the heel prick for any other reason before the procedure, * Parents should voluntarily participate in the study.
Exclusion criteria
* Gestational age of 37 weeks or less, * APGAR score of 6 or lower at 5 minutes, * Having a diagnosed lung disease, * Having a history of atopic dermatitis, hypersensitivity, or allergies, * Parents should not wish to participate in the study.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| crying times | Before the procedure, during the procedure, and for a total of 10 minutes after the procedure. | measuring the crying duration with a stopwatch |
| heart rate | Before the procedure, during the procedure, and for a total of 10 minutes after the procedure. | Measurement with pulse oximeter |
| Neonatal infant pain scale | Before the procedure, during the procedure, and for a total of 10 minutes after the procedure. | The scale includes f ive behavioral parameters (facial expression, crying, armmovements, leg movements, and state of arousal) and one physiological parameter (breathing patterns). Each behavior is scored 0-1; the crying parameter is scored 0-1-2. The lowest score is 0 and the highest score is 7. |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Outcome results
None listed