Recovery, Recovery Time
Conditions
Keywords
Resistance training, physiological stress, post-exercise recovery, blood flow restriction therapy, functional physical performance
Brief summary
Resistance training has been widely performed due to its health benefits. However, performing this training at high intensity causes significant muscle stress, leading to fatigue and compromising performance. It is essential to implement effective recovery strategies to optimize physiological adaptations. Among the accessible techniques, blood flow restriction (BFR) has shown promise for its potential to accelerate muscle recovery.
Detailed description
A randomized clinical trial will be conducted with 40 men and 40 women allocated to one of four groups: i) BFR using 80% of total occlusion pressure (TOP) \[BFR-80%\]; ii) BFR using 60% of total occlusion pressure (TOP) \[BFR-60%\]; iii) BFR using 10 mmHg (BFR-10 mmHg); and iv) control (CON). All groups will undergo initial assessments, followed by the muscle stress protocol, and all outcomes will be collected again. Subsequently, the intervention to which they were previously randomized will be performed, and finally, subsequent assessments will be conducted immediately, 24, 48, and 72 hours after exercise. The outcomes assessed will be, in order: pain using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), perception of recovery and discomfort using the Likert scale, and perception of effort using the Borg scale (CR-10), cellular integrity vectors using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), pain threshold using a pressure algometer, muscle tone, stiffness, and elasticity using myotonometry, quadriceps muscle strength test using a digital dynamometer, muscle power test using the Squat Jump test, and a single-leg jump functional test. Participants will be duly informed about the procedures and objectives of this study, and after agreeing, will sign a free and informed consent form, thus becoming effectively part of it. In the consent form, participants will be asked if they agree to the use of their data should they choose to withdraw from the study. Participants will also be asked for permission for the research team to share relevant data with people from the universities participating in the research or regulatory authorities, when relevant, while preserving the participant's identity. The study will be submitted for review and approval to the Research Ethics Committee of FCT/UNESP, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil and will be registered on ClinicalTrials.gov.
Interventions
DEVICEBFR-80%
Will perform the intervention with BFR using 80% of the total occlusion pressure (TOP) continuously for 20 minutes.
DEVICEBFR-60%
Will perform the intervention with BFR using 60% of the total occlusion pressure (TOP) continuously for 20 minutes.
OTHERBFR-10mmHg
Will perform the intervention with BFR using 10 mmHg of occlusion pressure continuously for 20 minutes.
Sponsors
Paulista University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
OTHER
Masking
SINGLE (Investigator)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 35 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Individuals exhibiting one or more of the following characteristics will not be included: * (1) diabetes and hypertension; * (2) inflammatory rheumatological, psychiatric, cardiovascular and/or respiratory disease; * (3) pre-existing injury restricting their ability to perform vigorous physical activities; * (4) having one or more predisposing risk factors for thromboembolism.
Exclusion criteria
* Participants will be excluded from the study if they: * (1) have a health problem that does not allow them to continue; * (2) wish to leave the study; * (3) use medications, electrotherapy, or other therapeutic methods during the study period that could interfere with any results; * (4) not sign the consent form.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Lower limb muscle power | Change from baseline at 72 hours after exercise | Muscle power will be assessed through the Squat Jump test using a contact platform (Multisprint). Participants will begin in a 90° knee flexion position (verified with a goniometer), with hands on hips, and will perform a vertical jump without countermovement. Variables to be analyzed will include jump height, modified reactive strength index, jump power, and take-off moment. |
| Lower limb muscle function | Change from baseline at 72 hours after exercise | Muscle function will be assessed through the single leg hop functional test sing a measuring tape in centimeters. The participant will be positioned standing on a flat surface, barefoot, and with their hands on their waist. They will be asked to perform a horizontal jump with the greatest possible reach using only one lower limb (test performed unilaterally). The contralateral limb will remain flexed without touching the ground during the execution. After the jump, the participant must maintain balance for at least two seconds without losing stability or moving the landing foot. The jump distance will be measured in centimeters from the toe of the supporting foot (before the jump) to the heel at the moment of landing, using a measuring tape. |
| Isometric strenght of quadriceps and hamstring muscle | Change from baseline at 72 hours after exercise | The isometric peak torque of the quadriceps and hamstring will be measured using a digital handheld dynamometer (DD-300, Instrutherm). For the quadriceps strength assessment, the participant will be seated in a chair with their knee bent at 90° and instructed to push maximally against the dynamometer. To measure hamstring strength, the participant will be positioned in a prone position with their knee flexed at 90º and will be instructed to push maximally against the dynamometer. Three attempts will be performed with a 1-minute rest interval. The highest value will be used for analysis. |
| Muscle soreness and pain threshold | Change from baseline at 72 hours after exercise | Muscle soreness will be assessed using a Numeric Pain Rating Scale (0-10). Pain threshold will be measured with a pressure algometer (FPX 50/220; Wagner) at four sites: biceps femoris and rectus femoris. Measurements will be recorded in kgf and will not exceed 2.55 kgf. |
| Perceived exertion, recovery, and discomfort | Change from baseline at 72 hours after exercise | Perceived exertion, recovery, and discomfort will be measured using the Borg CR-10 scale (0-10). Participants will rate: (1) exertion as whole-body effort, (2) discomfort as muscular sensations in the lower limbs, and (3) recovery as general physical and psychological recovery. Values will be individually recorded at each time point. |
| Myotonometry | Change from baseline at 72 hours after exercise | Muscle tone, stiffness, and elasticity will be measured using the MyotonPRO device. The probe will be positioned perpendicularly over the following sites: biceps femoris and rectus femoris. The device will apply a 0.18 N pre-load and a 0.40 N impulse to induce tissue oscillation for measurement. |
| Bioelectrical impedance analysis | Change from baseline at 72 hours after exercise | Bioimpedance will be measured using a tetrapolar device (BIA Analyzer, 50 kHz, 800 µA). Electrodes will be positioned on the biceps femoris and rectus femoris. Analyzed variables will include resistance (R), reactance (Xc), phase angle (PhA), and tolerance ellipse, via Bioscan software. |
Countries
Brazil
Contacts
CONTACTFranciele Marques Vanderlei PhD
Outcome results
None listed