Postoperative Frailty Trajectories and One-Year Mortality in Older Surgical Patients

Association Between Postoperative Frailty Trajectories and One-Year Mortality in Older Surgical Patients: A Prospective Longitudinal Data Study

Status

Completed

Phases

Unknown

Study type

Observational

Source

ClinicalTrials.gov

Registry ID

NCT07322809

Enrollment

4417

Registered

2026-01-07

Start date

2020-04-01

Completion date

2023-04-30

Last updated

2026-01-09

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

All Cause Mortality, Frailty in Older Adults, Trajectory

Keywords

Frailty trajectory, older surgical patients, one-year mortality, latent class trajectory modeling

Brief summary

Frailty is a key predictor of adverse outcomes in older surgical patients, yet its longitudinal evolution and potentially reversible nature remain underexplored in perioperative settings. This study aimed to characterize postoperative frailty trajectories in older patients and to examine their association with one-year mortality, as well as factors influencing trajectory group.

Interventions

None listed

Study design

Observational model

COHORT

Time perspective

RETROSPECTIVE

Eligibility

Sex/Gender

ALL

Age

65 Years to No maximum

Healthy volunteers

Inclusion criteria

* Aged ≥65 years; * Underwent elective non-cardiac, non-neurosurgical procedures; * Completed standardized frailty assessments both preoperatively and postoperatively.

Exclusion criteria

* Severe dementia, language disorders, significant hearing or visual impairments, or coma; * Cognitive function below the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) thresholds (\<18 for illiterate individuals, \<21 for individuals with primary education, and \<25 for individuals with secondary education or higher); * Surgery performed under local anesthesia or monitored anesthesia care; * Surgical duration ≤30 minutes; * Missing data on postoperative complications or one-year mortality required for this study; * Incomplete frailty assessments at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery.

Design outcomes

Primary

Measure	Time frame	Description
The primary outcome was one-year all-cause mortality.	At the one-year postoperative follow-up.	The primary outcome was one-year all-cause mortality, determined through structured telephone follow-up.

Countries

China

Outcome results