Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS), Flat Back, Kyphosis, Spinal Curvature Abnormalities
Conditions
Keywords
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis, Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation, Spiral Muscle Chain Training, Exercise Therapy, Rehabilitation, Spinal Curvature Abnormalities
Brief summary
The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) combined with spiral muscle chain training in improving spinal function and posture in adolescents aged 13 to 18 years with spinal curvature abnormalities. The main questions it aims to answer are: Does exercise-based intervention improve trunk inclination angle, kyphotic angle, and body balance parameters in adolescents with spinal curvature abnormalities? Researchers will compare a PNF therapy group, a spiral muscle chain training group, and a combined PNF plus spiral muscle chain training group to assess differences in trunk inclination angle, kyphotic angle, and spinal mobility outcomes. Body mass index, fat-to-muscle ratio, and other body-composition-related indicators will be analyzed as exploratory post hoc outcomes. Participants will: Be assigned to one of three intervention groups: PNF therapy alone, spiral muscle chain training alone, or combined PNF plus spiral muscle chain training. Participate in supervised exercise training sessions three times per week for 12 weeks. Undergo pre- and post-intervention assessments, including body composition testing, and electronic spinal measurements. Participants will: Be assigned to one of three intervention groups: PNF therapy alone, spiral muscle chain training alone, or combined PNF plus spiral muscle chain training. Participate in supervised exercise training sessions three times per week for 12 weeks. Undergo pre- and post-intervention assessments, including body composition testing, and electronic spinal measurements.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALProprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) Therapy
Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) therapy is used as an exercise-based intervention to address abnormal spinal curvature in children with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. The PNF program includes resisted scapular-pelvic patterns, cervical flexion and extension, trunk diagonal patterns (chopping and lifting), bilateral upper-limb diagonal patterns, and bridge exercises. Training sessions are supervised and conducted three times per week (every other day) for 12 weeks.
BEHAVIORALSpiral Muscle Chain (SPS) Training
Spiral muscle chain (SPS) training is applied as an exercise-based intervention aimed at improving spinal alignment, postural control, and neuromuscular coordination in children with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. The SPS program consists of spiral stabilization exercises performed with elastic resistance, body positioning control, and stretching components according to a standardized training protocol. Training sessions are supervised and conducted three times per week (every other day) for 12 weeks.
BEHAVIORALCombined Exercise Therapy
The combined intervention integrates proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) therapy and spiral muscle chain (SPS) training as a comprehensive exercise program for children with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Participants perform both PNF and SPS exercise components within each training cycle to target spinal alignment, muscle endurance, and neuromuscular activation. Training sessions are supervised and conducted three times per week (every other day) for 12 weeks.
Sponsors
Nie danning
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
13 Years to 18 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Aged 13 to 18 years * Newly diagnosed with no prior treatment and meeting the diagnostic criteria for spinal curvature abnormalities * Scoliosis or coronal spinal curvature abnormality determined by poor posture and angle of trunk inclination or angle of trunk rotation of 5° or greater * Anterior-posterior spinal curvature abnormality determined by poor posture or abnormal spinal side-view assessment, including kyphotic angle less than 20° or greater than 40° * No prior brace treatment * No history of spinal surgery * Able to complete proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation therapy, spiral muscle chain training, or combined exercise training as required * Written informed consent obtained from participants and their parents or legal guardians
Exclusion criteria
* Menstruating females at the time of assessment * Metal implants * History of brace use or prior treatment for spinal curvature abnormalities * Severe scoliosis, defined as angle of trunk inclination or angle of trunk rotation greater than 13° * Congenital spinal curvature abnormality * Neuromuscular disorders * Respiratory dysfunction * Any contraindication to exercise * Any trauma within the previous 6 months * Any accompanying neurological, rheumatological, or mental health problems
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Trunk Tilt Angle (ATI) | Baseline and after 12 weeks of intervention | Trunk tilt angle (Angle of Trunk Rotation, ATI) measured using an electronic spine assessment device to evaluate changes in spinal asymmetry and trunk alignment. |
| Change in Kyphotic Angle (KA) | Baseline and after 12 weeks of intervention | Kyphotic angle will be measured using an electronic spinal assessment device to evaluate changes in sagittal spinal curvature. |
| Change in Body Balance Parameters | Baseline and after 12 weeks of intervention | Body balance parameters assessed by electronic spine measurement, including head lateral deviation, shoulder asymmetry, and pelvic tilt. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Body Mass Index (BMI) | Baseline and after 12 weeks of intervention | Body mass index will be calculated from measured height and weight to evaluate changes in body composition and growth-related physical characteristics after the 12-week exercise intervention. |
| Change in Fat-to-Muscle Ratio (FMR) | Baseline and after 12 weeks of intervention | Fat-to-muscle ratio will be derived from body composition testing to evaluate changes in the relative distribution of fat mass and muscle mass after the 12-week exercise intervention. |
| Change in Spinal Mobility | Baseline and after 12 weeks of intervention | Spinal mobility assessed by electronic spine measurement, including lateral flexion, flexion-extension, and rotational range of motion. |
Countries
China
Outcome results
None listed