Stroke Volume at Rest and During Exercise in Healthy Volunteers

Status

Completed

Phases

Study type

Interventional

Source

ClinicalTrials.gov

Registry ID

NCT07318844

Enrollment

Registered

2026-01-06

Start date

2025-09-01

Completion date

2025-12-01

Last updated

2026-01-06

For informational purposes only — not medical advice. Sourced from public registries and may not reflect the latest updates. Terms

Conditions

Healthy

Keywords

stroke volume, test-retest, Acute exercise

Brief summary

Background Changes in cardiac output, driven by increased heart rate and stroke volume, are crucial for oxygen delivery during acute exercise and influence maximal oxygen uptake (VO₂max). Thoracic electrical bioimpedance provides a non-invasive alternative to traditional invasive methods by estimating stroke volume through impedance changes during ventricular filling and emptying. However, its test-retest reliability remains uncertain, requiring further investigation for use in acute and long-term training assessments. Methods Inclusion: 12 healthy individuals (six males, six females) Exclusion: Known ischaemic heart disease, known heart failure, symptoms of disease within 2 weeks prior to the study, known malignant disease, claudication, pregnancy, unstable cardiac arrhythmic disease, renal or liver dysfunction, known chronic lung disease Design: Test-retest study of thoracic electrical bioimpedance-based stroke volume Intervention: Acute exercise bout on a bicycle ergometer Statistical design: Rest-to-exercise changes, as well as between-day smallest real difference, coefficient of variation and intraclass correlation coefficient Sample size: Since this is a pilot study, the sample size is set at 12 in accordance with current recommendations. Perspective The results are relevant for designing future studies in which stroke volume is measured and compared in response to various interventions at rest and during exercise.

Interventions

OTHERCardiopulmonary exercise test

The two study days are identical, and consist of stroke volume, heart rate and non-invasive blood pressure measurements during upright rest, in the supine position, and during incremental exercise (CPET).

Study design

Allocation

Intervention model

SINGLE_GROUP

Primary purpose

OTHER

Masking

NONE

Eligibility

Sex/Gender

ALL

Age

18 Years to 70 Years

Healthy volunteers

Yes

Inclusion criteria

* Men and women * 18-70 years

Exclusion criteria

* Known chronic lung disease * Known ischaemic heart disease * Known heart failure * Symptoms of disease within 2 weeks prior to the study * Known malignant disease * Claudication * Pregnancy * Unstable cardiac arrhythmic disease * Renal or liver dysfunction

Design outcomes

Primary

Measure	Time frame
Between-day smallest real difference (SRD) for stroke volume during upright rest	2-10 days
Between-day coefficient of variance (CV) for for stroke volume during upright rest	2-10 days

Secondary

Measure	Time frame
Between-day smallest real difference (SRD) for stroke volume during supine rest	2-10 days
Between-day coefficient of variance (CV) for stroke volume during supine rest	2-10 days
Between-day SRD for stroke volume at 60% of maximal workload (Wmax) during CPET	2-10 days
Between-day CV for stroke volume at 60% of Wmax during CPET	2-10 days

Other

Measure	Time frame
Between-day CV for stroke volume at 80% of Wmax during CPET	2-10 days
Between-day SRD for stroke volume at 40% of Wmax during CPET	2-10 days
Between-day CV for stroke volume at 40% of Wmax during CPET	2-10 days
Between-day SRD for stroke volume at 80% of Wmax during CPET	2-10 days
Between-day ICC for stroke volume at 80% of Wmax during CPET	2-10 days
Between-day ICC for stroke volume at Wmax during CPET	2-10 days
Between-day SRD for cardiac output (measured as the product of stroke volume and heart rate) during upright rest	2-10 days
Between-day CV for for cardiac output during upright rest	2-10 days
Between-day ICC for for cardiac output during upright rest	2-10 days
Between-day SRD for cardiac output during supine rest	2-10 days
Between-day CV for for cardiac output during supine rest	2-10 days
Between-day ICC for for cardiac output during supine rest	2-10 days
Between-day SRD for cardiac output at 60% of Wmax during CPET	2-10 days
Between-day CV for cardiac output at 60% of Wmax during CPET	2-10 days
Between-day ICC for cardiac output at 60% of Wmax during CPET	2-10 days
Between-day SRD for cardiac output at 40% of Wmax during CPET	2-10 days
Between-day CV for cardiac output at 40% of Wmax during CPET	2-10 days
Between-day ICC for cardiac output at 40% of Wmax during CPET	2-10 days
Between-day SRD for cardiac output at 80% of Wmax during CPET	2-10 days
Between-day CV for cardiac output at 80% of Wmax during CPET	2-10 days
Between-day ICC for cardiac output at 80% of Wmax during CPET	2-10 days
Between-day SRD for cardiac output at Wmax during CPET	2-10 days
Between-day CV for cardiac output at Wmax during CPET	2-10 days
Between-day ICC for cardiac output at Wmax during CPET	2-10 days
Between-day SRD for heart rate (measured with the CPET equipment) during upright rest	2-10 days
Between-day CV for for heart rate during upright rest	2-10 days
Between-day ICC for for heart rate during upright rest	2-10 days
Between-day SRD for heart rate during supine rest	2-10 days
Between-day CV for for heart rate during supine rest	2-10 days
Between-day ICC for for heart rate during supine rest	2-10 days
Between-day SRD for heart rate at 60% of Wmax during CPET	2-10 days
Between-day CV for heart rate at 60% of Wmax during CPET	2-10 days
Between-day ICC for heart rate at 60% of Wmax during CPET	2-10 days
Between-day SRD for heart rate at 40% of Wmax during CPET	2-10 days
Between-day CV for heart rate at 40% of Wmax during CPET	2-10 days
Between-day ICC for heart rate at 40% of Wmax during CPET	2-10 days
Between-day SRD for heart rate at 80% of Wmax during CPET	2-10 days
Between-day CV for heart rate at 80% of Wmax during CPET	2-10 days
Between-day ICC for heart rate at 80% of Wmax during CPET	2-10 days
Between-day SRD for heart rate at Wmax during CPET	2-10 days
Between-day CV for heart rate at Wmax during CPET	2-10 days
Between-day ICC for heart rate at Wmax during CPET	2-10 days
Uright-to supine changes in stroke volume, heart-rate and cardiac output and arterial blood pressure at rest	2-10 days
Changes in stroke volume from upright rest to exercise at 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% of Wmax.	2-10 days
Between-day SRD for stroke volume at Wmax during CPET	2-10 days
Changes in arterial blood pressure from upright rest to exercise at 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% of Wmax.	2-10 days
Changes in cardiac output from upright rest to exercise at 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% of Wmax.	2-10 days
Between-day CV for stroke volume at Wmax during CPET	2-10 days
Between-day intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for stroke volume during upright rest	2-10 days
Between-day ICC for stroke volume during supine rest	2-10 days
Between-day ICC for stroke volume at 60% of Wmax during CPET	2-10 days
Between-day ICC for stroke volume at 40% of Wmax during CPET	2-10 days

Countries

Denmark

Outcome results

None listed

Source: ClinicalTrials.gov · Data processed: Feb 4, 2026