Liver Transplant Disorder
Conditions
Keywords
Liver Transplant, Incentive Spirometer, Arterial Blood Gas
Brief summary
This study evaluated the effect of adjunctive incentive spirometer on arterial blood gases (ABGs) and early postoperative recovery in liver transplant recipients.
Detailed description
In this prospective , randomized study, 40 adults undergoing living-donor liver transplantation (LT) were assigned to standard post-transplant mobilization and breathing exercises alone (n=20) or standard exercises plus structured IS training (n=20). Arterial blood gases ABG parameters (pH, PO₂, PCO₂, HCO₃-, SpO₂) were measured at baseline and on postoperative days 1-3. Linear mixed-effects models assessed group differences in ABG trajectories; slope analyses quantified decline and recovery phases. Secondary outcomes included intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital length of stay (LOS) and Post-operative pulmonary complications incidence.
Interventions
DEVICEIncentive Spirometry
An intensive spirometry (IS) is a device that measures inhaled air volume and provides visual feedback as a piston rises during inspiration. It is widely used in respiratory and physical therapy to encourage slow, deep breathing, which helps expand the lungs, open airways, and mimic the natural deep breaths seen in yawning or sighing.
Sponsors
El-Sahel Teaching Hospital
National Hepatology & Tropical Medicine Research Institute
Cairo University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
NONE
Intervention model description
open label, parallel, prospective, randomized study
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
1. age between 18 and 65 years, 2. scheduled to undergo Living Donor Liver Transplant (LDLT) as recipients 3. able to understand and follow instructions for incentive spirometry use
Exclusion criteria
1. multiorgan transplantation 2. moderate-to-severe pleural effusion at baseline 3. persistent elevation in renal function tests 4. history of bleeding esophageal varices within the preceding month 5. multicentric hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) 6. active smoking 7. decompensated cardiac disease 8. alcoholic hepatitis as the primary etiology 9. cognitive impairment or blindness precluding participation in the rehabilitation protocol.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Arterial blood gas (ABG) parameters | 3 days (assessed at four time points: baseline (within 48 hours before surgery) and on post-operative days 1, 2, and 3) | Arterial pH |
| Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) parameters | 3 days (assessed at four time points: baseline (within 48 hours before surgery) and at day 1,2, and 3 post-surgery) | (2) partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2, mmHg) |
| Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) Parameters | 3 days (assessed at four time points: baseline (within 48 hours before surgery) and at day 1, 2, and 3 post-surgery) | (4) bicarbonate concentration (HCO3-, mEq/L) |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay | Perioperative period (Hospital stay duration) | The length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay (days) |
| hospital stay | Perioperative period (Hospital Stay duration) | total length of hospital stay (days) |
Countries
Egypt
Outcome results
None listed