Older Adults, Older Adults (65 Years and Older)
Conditions
Keywords
Selection, Optimization, and Compensation (SOC), walking behavior
Brief summary
Drawing on the Selection, Optimization, and Compensation (SOC) model of adaptive development, this study tested whether a structured behavioral intervention could enhance walking activity and well-being through improvements in self-regulatory strategy use.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALSOC-based walking intervention
A structured Selection, Optimization, and Compensation (SOC)-based workshop designed to promote adaptive self-regulation in the domain of physical activity, particularly walking
OTHERgeneral health education program
A general health education program that covered age-related topics such as nutrition, sleep, medication adherence, and mental well-being, but excluded any self-regulatory or goal-setting components.
Sponsors
Ling Yang
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
HEALTH_SERVICES_RESEARCH
Masking
DOUBLE (Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
65 Years to 90 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Individuals were excluded if they had moderate-to-severe cognitive impairment, medical contraindications for walking, or planned relocation within six months.
Exclusion criteria
* Eligible participants were Chinese adults aged 65 years or older, lived in urban areas, could walk independently for at least 10 minutes, and had access to a mobile phone or WeChat (personally or through a family member).
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Walking behavior | From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks | weekly minutes of walking |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Selection | From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks | Use of SOC (Selection, Optimization, and Compensation strategies) questionnaire specific to walking, assessed with brief subscales (3-4 items each; 5-point Likert), at T0, T1, and T2. It assesses the self-regulatory strategies using a 12-item version of the Selection Questionnaire originally developed by Freund and Baltes (2002) and validated for use with Chinese older adults by Chou and Chi (2001). The instrument comprises three subscales-in this case we use the Selection scale-with four items rated on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree). |
| Optimization | From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks | Use of SOC Selection, Optimization, and Compensation strategies Questionnaire specific to walking, assessed with brief subscales (3-4 items each; 5-point Likert), at T0, T1, and T2. For this outcome, we use the subscale Optimization, which self-regulatory strategies assessed using a list of Optimization items, originally developed by Freund and Baltes (2002) and validated for use with Chinese older adults by Chou and Chi (2001). The instrument comprises is rated on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree). |
| Compensation | From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks | Use of SOC Selection, Optimization, and Compensation strategies Questionnaire specific to walking, assessed with brief subscales (3-4 items each; 5-point Likert), at T0, T1, and T2. We use the Compensation subscale of self-regulatory strategies, that was originally developed by Freund and Baltes (2002) and validated for use with Chinese older adults by Chou and Chi (2001). The instrument is rated on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree). |
Countries
China
Outcome results
None listed