Improving Genetic Medicine for Ethnic Minority Groups

Genetic Testing

interview, ethnic minority, mixed method, qualitative, genetic testing, genomic testing

A key aim of the nationally commissioned Genomic Medicine Service (GMS) in England is to encourage equity of access between different patient groups, however, there is evidence to suggest that it is being under-utilised by ethnic minority groups. The aim of this study is to explore how ethnic minority populations interact with the GMS and to identify changes that would promote equity within those services. This is a mixed-methods study using interviews and group discussions with lay people, community organisers and charity workers, people who have had direct or indirect contact with the genomic medicine service and professionals within the service. By including potential service users, service users and professionals in this work and allowing people to share their experiences in whatever method feels most comfortable to them, we aim to get a broad understanding of the lived experience of everyone involved in these pathways which will be key to gaining a holistic understanding of how they are working in real world settings. The primary outcome measure will be an increased understanding of the experiences of people from ethnic minority groups navigating the genomic medicine space. The secondary outcome measure will be an increased understanding of how experiences differ across and between ethnic groups. We intend to use our insights to recommend structural changes which will improve utilisation of the genomic medicine service by patients from ethnic minority groups.

In 2019 a nationally commissioned Genomic Medicine Service (GMS) was established to deliver high-quality genomic testing for patients affected by rare diseases and cancer in England. A key aim of the new GMS was to encourage equity of access between different patient groups, including ethnic minority groups. A report produced by the NHS Race and Health Observatory in 2024 pointed to several barriers which remain to be addressed in trying to ensure that people from diverse backgrounds can access GMS services and genomic research and highlighted that a paucity of ethnicity recording makes it difficult to measure equity of access between different ethnic groups. Insights into the lived experiences of ethnic minority groups with reference to genomic testing in the UK are limited. Even when studies have included diverse voices, they are often aggregated with other minority ethnic groups, assuming collective experiences. We will conduct interviews and group discussions with lay people, community organisers and charity workers, people who have had direct or indirect contact with the genomic medicine service and professionals within the service. Some of our participants will be recruited from community settings. Others will be recruited from healthcare settings where they will be identified from a mixture of retrospective and prospective recruitment. The overarching aim of this study is to capture the experiences of ethnic minority populations within regional genomic medicine services and to identify specific changes that are needed to promote equity and cultural competence within those services. While we recognise that it will not be possible to derive recommendations which are applicable across all ethnic minority groups and the entire GMS, our work will serve as an exemplar to others who wish to undertake similar work with their specific population.

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United Kingdom