Diabetes Mellitus Type 2
Conditions
Keywords
Diabetes Mellitus Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy Modified Otago Exercise Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization Berg Balance Scale Balance Training.
Brief summary
The purpose of this study is to compare the impact of Modified Otago Exercises and Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization Exercises on patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) using valid tools such as the Berg Balance Scale and the Katz Index of Independence in ADL. The results of our study will be helpful for clinical decision-making in terms of selecting specific physiotherapy treatment techniques in an attempt to improve their function, reduce their falls, and improve their independence specific to diabetes neuropathy.
Detailed description
Research into therapeutic exercise for patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) has grown over the past decade due to the increasing recognition of non-pharmacological strategies for reducing fall risk and restoring function. DPN is associated with altered gait, diminished proprioception, and increased postural sway, making balance-specific exercise programs a critical area of intervention.
Interventions
The 30-minute Otago Exercise Program, involving both balance and strength training, followed by further 15 minutes of walking as part of the modified-OEP group intervention will be given. The 15-minute walk will be completed by walking continuously at an appropriate pace in the approximately 15-meter exercise room. Participants will be told to walk 15 meters, execute a U-turn to the left, walk 15 meters, and then execute a U-turn to the right at the next turning point to create the same effect on the stated benefit of symmetry while turning left and right. For twelve weeks, the intervention will be given three times a week.
The Dynamic neuromuscular stabilization exercises (DNS) twice a week for 60 minutes each time for 12 weeks. A five-minute warm-up, a fifty-minute exercise plan, and a five-minute cool-down comprised the program. Static stretching was used for the cool-down and dynamic stretching for the warm-up. DNS training is conducted in three levels. Level 1 (1 to 4 weeks) includes: (1) dynamic stretching (2) baby rock (3) breathing (4) rolling. Level 2 (5 to 8 weeks) includes: (1) oblique sit (2) aqua bag tripod (3) aqua bag sitting (4) aqua bag kneeling. Level 3 (9 to 12 weeks) include: (1) aqua bag high kneeling (2) static stretching (3) aqua bag standing
Sponsors
Riphah International University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
TRIPLE (Subject, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Masking description
Masking
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
60 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* 60 years of age and elderly. * The Timed Up and Go score exceeds 10 seconds. * Both men and women * Individuals with type 2 diabetes and DPN. * Patients diagnosed with diabetes from last 5 Years. * Patients diagnosed with diabetic peripheral neuropathy with scores ≥ 4 on Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI) * Individuals with an ability to walk independently.
Exclusion criteria
* Individuals with neuropathies that are not caused by diabetes. * Individuals with any neurological disorders that may affect their ability to balance. * Participants suffering from any musculoskeletal disorders that result in discomfort and instability. * A history of acute and chronic physiological, psychological, and mental disorders that may prevent exercise. * Participants with unrelated orthopedics, surgical, or health conditions that impair physical movement and equilibrium, such as severe diabetic retinopathy were eliminated, as were those with active foot issues. * Patients having serious complications of diabetes, such as amputation and patients who are unable to complete the entire program.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living | Baseline, after 6th week, after 12th week | The Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living (ADL) is a tool that assesses a person's ability to perform six basic self-care tasks: bathing, dressing, toileting, transferring, continence, and feeding |
| Berg Balance Scale | Baseline, After 6th week, After 12th week | The Berg Balance Scale (BBS) is a 14-item test that assesses an individual's static and dynamic balance through a series of tasks, such as sitting to standing, reaching, and turning. |
Countries
Pakistan
Contacts
Primary ContactImran Amjad Amjad, PhD
Outcome results
None listed