Pain Knowledge, Pain Management, Physiotherapist Students
Conditions
Keywords
pain neuroscience education, physiotherapy students, pain knowledge, pain beliefs
Brief summary
This study aims to examine the immediate effects of a single-session Pain Neuroscience Education (PNE) program on pain-related knowledge and attitudes among undergraduate physiotherapy students. The PNE session focuses on explaining pain neurophysiology, chronic pain mechanisms, central sensitization, and the biopsychosocial factors that influence pain. Participants complete validated questionnaires assessing pain knowledge, pain-related beliefs, and attitudes before and immediately after the intervention. The purpose of the study is to determine whether a brief educational session can produce immediate improvements in pain knowledge and pain-related attitudes across different academic years in physiotherapy students.
Detailed description
This study is a retrospective registration of a completed pre-post interventional study conducted among undergraduate physiotherapy students. The objective of the research was to evaluate the immediate effects of a single-session Pain Neuroscience Education (PNE) program on pain-related knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes. The PNE session lasted approximately 70 minutes and was delivered by a physiotherapist trained in pain neuroscience and the biopsychosocial model. The session covered pain neurophysiology, the distinction between acute and chronic pain, central sensitization, factors contributing to pain experiences, and the role of cognition, emotions, and behaviors within the biopsychosocial framework. Participants completed self-report outcome measures at two time points: Baseline (pre-intervention) Immediately after the intervention Outcome measures included validated instruments assessing pain knowledge and pain-related beliefs: Revised Neurophysiology of Pain Questionnaire (rNPQ) Pain Knowledge and Attitudes Questionnaire (KNAP) Health Care Providers' Pain and Impairment Relationship Scale (HC-PAIRS) Pain Attitudes and Beliefs Scale for Physiotherapists (PABS-PT) The study followed a single-group design with no control group and no randomization. The study was conducted between April and October 2025 at Karabük University, Turkey. Ethical approval was obtained from the Karabük University Non-Interventional Clinical Research Ethics Committee (Decision No: 2025/2154), and written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to data collection. The results of this research aim to contribute to the understanding of how a brief PNE session may provide immediate improvements in pain-related knowledge and attitudes among physiotherapy students. The findings may support the integration of structured pain education approaches into physiotherapy curricula and early clinical training programs.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALPain Neuroscience Education (PNE)
The program consists of a single 70-minute Pain Neuroscience Education (PNE) session, which includes explanations of pain neurophysiology, central sensitization, biopsychosocial pain concepts, and cognitive-behavioral factors influencing chronic pain. Delivered by a trained certified physiotherapist.
Sponsors
Ayşe ŞİMŞEK
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
OTHER
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Undergraduate physiotherapy and rehabilitation students (1st, 2nd, 3rd, or 4th year) * Willing to participate and able to provide written informed consent
Exclusion criteria
* Having previously received formal Pain Neuroscience Education (PNE)
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Revised Neurophysiology of Pain Questionnaire (rNPQ) | Baseline and immediately after the intervention | The rNPQ assessed participants' knowledge of pain neurophysiology. The scale measures participants' knowledge level on topics such as pain mechanisms, neuropathic pain, central sensitization, and biopsychosocial components of pain. The scale consists of a total of 12 questions with true, false, or I don't know answers. Incorrect answers and answers marked as undecided receive 0 points. The scale is scored between 0 and 12, and pain knowledge increases as the score increases. |
| Knowledge and Attitudes of Pain Questionnaire (KNAP) | Baseline and immediately after the intervention | Participants' knowledge and attitudes towards pain were measured with the KNAP. The KNAP scale consists of 30 questions and is scored on a six-point Likert scale ranging from completely disagree to completely agree. The total score is between 0 and 150 points. A higher score from the scale indicates knowledge and attitudes that better reflect modern pain neuroscience. |
| Pain Attitudes and Beliefs Scale for Physiotherapists (PABS-PT) | Baseline and immediately after the intervention | The PABS-PT was used to distinguish between biomedical and biopsychosocial orientations towards treating low back pain in physiotherapists. The scale is scored as 1 = strongly disagree and 6 = strongly agree. Treatment orientation is measured in biomedical (factor 1) and biopsychosocial (factor 2) subscales. Subscale scores are calculated by simply summing the scores corresponding to the selected response for each item. The subscale with the highest score indicates the participant's dominant treatment orientation |
| Health Care Providers' Pain Impairment Relationship Scale (HC-PAIRS ) | Baseline and immediately after the intervention | The HC-PAIRS was developed to examine the impact of attitudes and beliefs of health professionals on the clinical management of chronic nonspecific low back pain.The scale consists of 12 items, ranging from 1 (completely disagree) to 7 (completely agree). After items 1 and 5 are reversed, the total score is calculated and ranges from 12 to 84. Higher scores indicate a strong belief that low back pain is a legitimate cause of activity limitation and disability, and negative attitudes and beliefs of health professionals towards low back pain. |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Outcome results
None listed