COPD
Conditions
Brief summary
COPD is a preventable and treatable lung disease characterized by persistent and progressive airflow limitation. PRISm, on the other hand, is a spirometry pattern that does not meet COPD diagnostic criteria despite symptoms and functional impairments, but requires maintenance. PRISm can predispose to the development of COPD and exacerbations, and can reduce exercise capacity by reducing respiratory function and oxygen consumption. There are no studies in the literature comparing respiratory muscle strength, peripheral muscle strength, and oxygenation in PRISm, COPD, and healthy individuals. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate these parameters and compare them with healthy individuals.
Detailed description
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common, preventable, and treatable multisystem lung disease characterized by chronic respiratory symptoms (dyspnea, cough, sputum production, and/or exacerbations) due to airway abnormalities, causing persistent and often progressive airflow limitation. PRISm is defined as a spirometry pattern that is not always a stable phenotype but should be considered sick because symptoms and/or functional and/or structural abnormalities are present and therefore require care and treatment. Recently, PRISm has been identified as a subtype more prone to developing COPD or experiencing acute exacerbations. In addition to affecting the respiratory muscles, PRISm's effects on respiratory function lead to decreased body oxygen consumption and increased dyspnea. PRISm can also lead to decreased exercise capacity due to the respiratory problems and dyspnea it causes. Although there are not enough studies in the literature investigating exercise capacity and lung functions on behalf of PRISm, no previous study comparing respiratory muscle strength, peripheral muscle strength and oxygenation in PRISm, COPD and healthy individuals has been found.
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
Karabuk University
Study design
Observational model
COHORT
Time perspective
CROSS_SECTIONAL
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
40 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
For the COPD group: * Being \>40 years old, * Being diagnosed with COPD, * Being clinically stable, * Volunteering to participate in the study. For the PRISm group: * Being \>40 years old, * Being diagnosed with PRISm, * Volunteering to participate in the study. For the healthy control group: * Being \>40 years old, * Volunteering to participate in the study.
Exclusion criteria
For the COPD group: * Having severe orthopedic, neurological, or cardiac diseases, * Being in a COPD exacerbation, * Having a comorbid lung disease, * Being on clinically unstable medication, * Voluntarily not participating in the study. For the PRISm group: * Being diagnosed with COPD, * Having severe orthopedic, neurological, or cardiac diseases, * Having a comorbid lung disease, * Voluntarily not participating in the study. For the healthy control group: * Having a known chronic disease, * Voluntarily not participating in the study.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Clinical symptoms | Baseline | The COPD Assessment Test will be evaluated. This scale scored on a 0-5 point scale to assess symptoms associated with COPD. As the score increases, the symptom increases. |
| Peripheral muscle strength | Baseline | Peripheral muscle strength will be evaluated with a dynamometer. |
| Muscle oxygenation | Baseline | Muscle oxygenation assessment will be performed using the Moxy monitor (Moxy, Fortiori Design LLC, Minnesota, USA). |
| Respiratory Muscle Strength | Baseline | Maximal inspiratory (MIP) and maximal expiratory (MEP) pressures expressing respiratory muscle strength will be evaluated. |
| Respiratory Muscle Endurance | Baseline | Respiratory muscle endurance will be assessed by the POWERbreathe Wellness (POWERbreathe, Inspiratory Muscle Training (IMT) Technologies Ltd., Birmingham, UK) device and the respiratory muscle endurance test at increased threshold load. |
| Dyspnea | Baseline | Dyspnea is assessed with the modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnea scale. As the score increases, shortness of breath increases. |
| Upper extremity exercise capacity | Baseline | Upper extremity exercise capacity will be evaluated with the six-minute pegboard and ring test (6-PBRT). |
| Lower extremity exercise capacity | Baseline | Lower extremity exercise capacity will be evaluated with six- minute walking test. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Pulmonary function (Forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) | Baseline | Pulmonary function will be evaluated using the spirometry, according to American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society criteria. Forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) will be measured. |
| Pulmonary function (FEV1 / FVC) | Baseline | Pulmonary function will be evaluated using the spirometry, according to American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society criteria. FEV1 / FVC will be measured. |
| Pulmonary function (Flow rate 25-75% of forced expiratory volume (FEF 25-75%)) | Baseline | Pulmonary function will be evaluated using the spirometry, according to American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society criteria. Flow rate 25-75% of forced expiratory volume (FEF 25-75%) will be measured. |
| Pulmonary function (Peak flow rate (PEF)) | Baseline | Pulmonary function will be evaluated using the spirometry, according to American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society criteria. Peak flow rate (PEF) will be measured. |
| Pulmonary function (Forced vital capacity (FVC) | Baseline | Pulmonary function will be evaluated using the spirometry, according to American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society criteria. Forced vital capacity (FVC) will be measured. |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Contacts
Primary ContactMusa Güneş, PhD
Outcome results
None listed