Behavioral Health Client-centered Supervision
Conditions
Keywords
client-centered supervision, supervision, behavioral health, mobile app
Brief summary
The goal of this pilot study is to test a Supervision Assist App (SuperAssist) for implementing Client-Centered Supervision (CCS) to improve supervision practices for mental health providers (providers). During previous Aims 1 and 2, a SuperAssist beta version was designed and developed before beta testing of SuperAssist with providers and supervisors. During this pilot trial (Aim 3), the investigators will evaluate the feasibility, preliminary outcomes, and change mechanisms of SuperAssist.
Interventions
OTHERClient-centered supervision training and use of a mobile app
Behavioral health staff will learn how to implement client-centered practice and supervision with SuperAssist (Supervision Assist App). SuperAssist is designed to facilitate supervision practices around clients' identified goals and needs, which may positively impact clinician job well-being (e.g., burnout, job satisfaction), professional growth, the quality of care, and eventually client outcomes.
Sponsors
Indiana University
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
Study design
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
HEALTH_SERVICES_RESEARCH
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
Eligibility Criteria for behavioral health staff: * A direct service/care provider providing behavioral health services to adults in recovery from mental health or substance use conditions or a supervisor of at least one direct service/care provider for adults in a behavioral health setting of a provider or providers at a behavioral health organization * Willing and able to attend training (approximately 8 hours), install and use the app for up to approximately 6 months, and complete the other planned study procedures Eligibility Criteria for clients: * At least 18 years old * An active client (at the time of enrollment) of a participating organization * Willing and able to receive email and/or text message communication from the study team and compete 3 online surveys over the course of the study (up to approximately 6 months)
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change from Baseline Perception of Supervisory Support (PSS) Scale at 3 months | measured with staff at 3 months | The Perception of Supervisory Support (PSS) Scale assesses perceived support from the perspective of direct service providers through measuring emotional support (e.g., feel more positively about my job), support for client goal alignment (e.g., gain greater clarity on a client's goal), and support for professional development (e.g., discuss career development), along with supervisory relationships (e.g., improve relationship with my supervisor). For supervisors, items are reframed to ask how their supervisees may perceive the level of supervisory support through their supervision. The PSS Scale uses a 6-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (Never) to 6 (Always). |
| Change from Baseline Perception of Supervisory Support (PSS) Scale at 6 months | measured with staff at 6 months | The Perception of Supervisory Support (PSS) Scale assesses perceived support from the perspective of direct service providers through measuring emotional support (e.g., feel more positively about my job), support for client goal alignment (e.g., gain greater clarity on a client's goal), and support for professional development (e.g., discuss career development), along with supervisory relationships (e.g., improve relationship with my supervisor). For supervisors, items are reframed to ask how their supervisees may perceive the level of supervisory support through their supervision. The PSS Scale uses a 6-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (Never) to 6 (Always). |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change from baseline Job Satisfaction at 6 months | measured with staff at 6 months | Job satisfaction will be assessed with one item from the Job Diagnostics Survey, "Overall, I am satisfied with my job," using the scale ranging from 1 (Strongly Disagree) to 7 (Strongly Agree). |
| Change from baseline Implementation Readiness Measure at 3 months | measured with staff at 3 months | This scale is used to evaluate the readiness and potential success of evidence-based practice implementation using a scale ranging from 1 (Completely disagree) to 5 (Completely agree). |
| Change from baseline Implementation Readiness Measure at 6 months | measured with staff at 6 months | This scale is used to evaluate the readiness and potential success of evidence-based practice implementation using a scale ranging from 1 (Completely disagree) to 5 (Completely agree). |
| Change from baseline Person Centered Care (PCC) Subscale at 3 months | measured with staff at 3 months | Perceived quality of care will be measured by Person Centered Care (PCC), one of the two sub-scales of the Quality of Mental Health Care Scale (clinician version) developed to assess how mental health care providers rate the quality of care they provide (e.g., I was able to support a client's action step toward a personal goal) using a scale ranging from 0 (Never) to 5 (always). |
| Change from baseline Turnover Intentions-Considered Leaving at 6 months | measured with staff at 6 months | This is the first of two questions in which staff will be asked about turnover intentions. Staff will be asked, "How often have you seriously considered leaving your job in the past six months?" using a scale ranging from 1 (Never) to 6 (Several times a week). |
| Change from baseline Turnover Intentions-Likely to leave at 3 months | measured with staff at 3 months | This is the second of two questions in which staff will be asked about turnover intentions. Staff will be asked, "How likely are you to leave your job in the next six months?" using a scale ranging from 1 (Not likely at all) to 4 (Very likely). |
| Change from baseline Role Clarity Scale at 3 months | measured with staff at 3 months | Role clarity will be measured by 5 items, with a 5-point response measure ranging from 1 (Not at all clear) to 5 (Perfectly clear). |
| Change from baseline Role Clarity Scale at 6 months | measured with staff at 6 months | Role clarity will be measured by 5 items, with a 5-point response measure ranging from 1 (Not at all clear) to 5 (Perfectly clear). |
| Change from baseline Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) at 3 months | measured with staff at 3 months | Burnout will be measured by the 22-item Maslach Burnout Inventory, a widely-used measure that assesses emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment using a 7 point scale ranging from 0 (Never) to 6 (Every Day) |
| Change from baseline Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) at 6 months | measured with staff at 6 months | Burnout will be measured by the 22-item Maslach Burnout Inventory, a widely-used measure that assesses emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment using a 7 point scale ranging from 0 (Never) to 6 (Every Day) |
| Change from baseline Turnover Intentions-Considered Leaving at 3 months | measured with staff at 3 months | This is the first of two questions in which staff will be asked about turnover intentions. Staff will be asked, "How often have you seriously considered leaving your job in the past six months?" using a scale ranging from 1 (Never) to 6 (Several times a week). |
| Change from baseline Person Centered Care (PCC) Subscale at 6 months | measured with staff at 6 months | Perceived quality of care will be measured by Person Centered Care (PCC), one of the two sub-scales of the Quality of Mental Health Care Scale (clinician version) developed to assess how mental health care providers rate the quality of care they provide (e.g., I was able to support a client's action step toward a personal goal) using a scale ranging from 0 (Never) to 5 (always). |
| Change from baseline System Usability Scale (SUS) at 3 months | measured with staff at 3 months | SuperAssist Usability (experimental group only) will be measured by the System Usability Scale (SUS), which consists of 10 items with 5-point response options, ranging from 1 (Completely agree) to 5 (Completely disagree). |
| Change from baseline System Usability Scale (SUS) at 6 months | measured with staff at 6 months | SuperAssist Usability (experimental group only) will be measured by the System Usability Scale (SUS), which consists of 10 items with 5-point response options, ranging from 1 (Completely agree) to 5 (Completely disagree). |
| Change from baseline Working Alliance Inventory (WAI) at 3 months | measured with clients at 3 months | Perceived relatedness will be assessed with this short form of the patient version of the WAI and is 12 items (e.g., We agree on what is important for me to work on.). The item scores will be averaged and the scale is 1 (Never) to 7 (Always). |
| Change from baseline Working Alliance Inventory (WAI) at 6 months | measured with clients at 6 months | Perceived relatedness will be assessed with this short form of the patient version of the WAI and is 12 items (e.g., We agree on what is important for me to work on.). The item scores will be averaged and the scale is 1 (Never) to 7 (Always). |
| Change from baseline Recovery Assessment Scale (RAS) at 3 months | measured with clients at 3 months | Recovery attitudes will be measured by the brief version of the Recovery Assessment Scale which is a 24 item measure with response options ranging from 1 (Strongly disagree) to 5 (Strongly agree). |
| Change from baseline Recovery Assessment Scale (RAS) at 6 months | measured with clients at 6 months | Recovery attitudes will be measured by the brief version of the Recovery Assessment Scale which is a 24 item measure with response options ranging from 1 (Strongly disagree) to 5 (Strongly agree). |
| Change from baseline State Hope Scale | measured with clients at 3 months | Hopefulness in recovery-oriented services will be evaluated using the State Hope Scale, which includes 12 items with response options ranging from 1 (Definitely false) to 4 (Definitely true). |
| Change from baseline Quality of Mental Health Care Scale (client version) at 3 months | measured with clients at 3 months | Perceived quality of care will be measured by the 31-item Quality of Mental Health Care Scale (client version) developed to assess how clients rate the quality of care they receive (e.g., Staff helped me take steps towards one of my personal goals) using a scale ranging from 0 (Never) to 5 (always). |
| Change from baseline Quality of Mental Health Care Scale (client version) at 6 months | measured with clients at 6 months | Perceived quality of care will be measured by 31-item Quality of Mental Health Care Scale (client version) developed to assess how clients rate the quality of care they receive (e.g., Staff helped me take steps towards one of my personal goals) using a scale ranging from 0 (Never) to 5 (always). |
| Change from baseline Turnover Intentions-Likely to leave at 6 months | measured with staff at 6 months | This is the second of two questions in which staff will be asked about turnover intentions. Staff will be asked, "How likely are you to leave your job in the next six months?" using a scale ranging from 1 (Not likely at all) to 4 (Very likely). |
| Change from baseline Strengths Model Social Determinants of Health Scale | measured with clients at 3 months | Social determinants of health (SDOH) with different aspects of life will be measured with a scale developed by the Strengths Model Inc. as part of a Strength Assessment. The scale consists of 6 items measuring satisfaction with the client's housing, employment, education, supportive relationships, community involvement, and overall well-being using a scale ranging from 1 (Very dissatisfied) to 5 (Very satisfied). |
| Change from baseline Job Satisfaction at 3 months | measured with staff at 3 months | Job satisfaction will be assessed with one item from the Job Diagnostics Survey, "Overall, I am satisfied with my job," using the scale ranging from 1 (Strongly Disagree) to 7 (Strongly Agree). |
Countries
United States
Contacts
PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATORSadaaki Fukui, PhD, MSW, MA
Indiana University
Outcome results
None listed