Neuro-Degenerative Disease, Parkinson Disease
Conditions
Keywords
Parkinson's Disease, Balance, Freezing of Gait, Mobility, Function
Brief summary
The goal of this study is to determine the effects of action observation therapy with conventional physical therapy on freezing gait and functional limitation in participants with Parkinson's disease.
Detailed description
Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by rigidity, tremors, and bradykinesia, along with non-motor dysfunction. The exercise rehabilitation has a positive impact on motor and non-motor functions in individuals with Parkinson's disease. Conventional physical therapy (CPT) that involves isometric exercises, stretching techniques, and strength and balance training is useful to improve the severity of functional mobility and freezing of gait. In action observation therapy (AOT), small video clips of different goal-directed tasks were added to rehabilitation to determine the combined effects on outcome.
Interventions
OTHERConventional Physical Therapy
Group A received conventional physical therapy treatment. The CPT program consists of isometric exercises, stretching, and strength training based on the patient's physical condition and the severity of functional mobility and freezing of Gait.
OTHERAction Observation plus conventional Physical Therapy
Group B was given action observation therapy with conventional physical therapy treatment. In AOT, the therapist showed small video clips of different goal-directed tasks to participants, and they were asked to follow every step and movement. The therapist maintained the patient's attention with verbal feedback
Sponsors
University of Lahore
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Outcomes Assessor)
Masking description
This study will use a single-blind masking design, in which the outcome assessor will be blinded to group allocation. Participants and therapists will be aware of the intervention assigned, but the assessor responsible for data collection and analysis will not have access to group assignment information to minimize assessment bias.
Intervention model description
This study follows a parallel group design, involving two groups: a control group and an experimental group. Participants in both groups will receive treatment concurrently but under different conditions. The control group will receive the standard or conventional intervention, while the experimental group will receive the modified or additional treatment being investigated. Comparisons between the groups will be made to evaluate the effectiveness of the experimental intervention.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
50 Years to 80 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
The participants were included based on the UK Parkinson's Disease Society Brain Bank diagnostic criteria, with clinical findings supporting the diagnosis. The eligible participants were 1. Aged between 50 and 80 years, 2. Both genders, 3. UK Parkinson's Disease Society Brain Bank diagnostic criteria, labelled as stage ≤ 3, 4. with a minimum of 2 years since being diagnosed with PD and 5. Freezing of gait score of 9 or higher on FOG-Q 6. Able to understand and follow commands.
Exclusion criteria
The
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Change in functional mobility | The assessment was made at baseline before the treatment session, and any change in mobility status was observed at the end of 6th week and 12th week after the intervention. | The TUG is an efficient test that measures mobility and balance, requiring participants to rise from a chair, walk 3 meters, turn, walk back, and sit down. The time taken to complete this sequence is recorded, with longer times indicating potential mobility issues. A score of more than or equal to fourteen seconds indicates a high risk of falls. |
| Change in Freezing of gait | The freezing of gait was assessed at baseline, and any change in it was measured at the end of 6th week and 12th week after the intervention. | The FOG-Q is a reliable tool for evaluating the effectiveness of treatment intervention on FOG for Parkinson's disease. The questionnaire consists of 6 items designed to assess the severity of freezing of gait. Each item is rated on a five-point Likert scale, with '0' indicating no symptoms and '4' indicating the most severe symptoms. The total score can range from 0 to 24, with higher scores indicating greater severity of freezing of gait. |
Countries
Pakistan
Contacts
STUDY_DIRECTORIshfaq Ahmed, PhD Physiotherapy
University of Lahore
Outcome results
None listed