Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit (GIRD)
Conditions
Keywords
Overhead Athletes, Internal Rotation, Kinetic Control, Sports Injury, Musculoskeletal Disorder
Brief summary
The goal of this clinical trial is to determine combined effects of the Kinetic control for shoulder on pain, range, and function among fast bowlers. The main question it aims to answer is: Does mulligan mobilization with movement along with kinetic medial rotation control work in decreasing pain, improving shoulder internal range of motion and shoulder function in fast bowlers with glenohumeral internal rotation deficit? Is the combination of Mulligan mobilization with movement along with kinetic control therapy effective in fast bowlers with glenohumeral internal rotation deficit? Treatment arm will receive movement retraining exercises to develop kinetic control with mulligan mobilization and comparison arm will receive standard physical therapy exercises with mulligan mobilization. Treatment group will receive shoulder warm up exercises, movement retraining exercises and mulligan mobilization with movement. Comparison group will receive shoulder warm up exercises, modified sleeper stretch, shoulder isometrics and mulligan mobilization with movement.
Interventions
OTHERKinetic control for shoulder internal rotation with mobilization with movement
stretches and strengthening along with mobilization with movement is given to participants. stretches include sleeper stretch and isometrics in strengthening
OTHERstretches, strengthening and mobilization with movement
Each person in the control group will do these exercises three times a week. The session starts with shoulder warm-up exercises like arm circles, shoulder rolls, and reaching overhead. These are done in 2 sets of 10 reps. Next is the modified sleeper stretch. This is repeated 3 times, with a 30-second rest between each stretch. Then, isometric shoulder exercises are done in standing. The person pushes their arm inward against resistance without actually moving it. Finally, Mobilization with Movement (MWM) is used.
Sponsors
Lahore University of Biological and Applied Sciences
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
MALE
Age
18 Years to 45 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Male cricketers aged 18-45 years. * Participants experiencing persistent mild to moderate shoulder pain during overhead movements for more than 3 months. * Fast bowlers actively participating in regular cricket training sessions. * Presence of Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit (GIRD) greater than 10 degrees, measured with a goniometer by comparing internal rotation of the dominant and non-dominant shoulders.
Exclusion criteria
* Cricketers who have undergone shoulder (e.g., rotator cuff repair, arthroscopic labrum repair) or elbow surgery within the past 3 months. * Participants presenting with numbness or tingling sensations in the upper extremity. * Individuals with comorbidities such as a history of cardiac or pulmonary diseases. * Subjects with a history of recurrent shoulder dislocations or shoulder instability.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Pain Intensity | From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 weeks | Pain intensity will be evaluated using the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) ranging from 0 to 10, where 0 indicates no pain, 1-3 represents mild pain, 4-6 indicates moderate pain, and 7-10 reflects severe pain. |
| Shoulder Range of Motion | From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 weeks | Shoulder range of motion will be measured in all planes of movement using a universal goniometer. The movements will include: Internal Rotation (0-90°) All measurements will be recorded in degrees to assess improvement in joint mobility across these planes. |
| Functional Disability | From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 weeks | Functional disability will be assessed using the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI), which provides a percentage score ranging from 0 to 100%. A low score (0-29%) represents minimal disability, a moderate score (30-59%) indicates moderate disability, and a high score (60-100%) signifies severe functional limitation. |
Countries
Pakistan
Contacts
PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATORHammad Haider, MS-MSK PT
Lahore University of Biological and Applied Sciences
Participant flow
Recruitment details
A total of 100 participants initially were assessed for recruitment in which 50 were selected for the final recruitment
Pre-assignment details
Research Randomizer was used to generate computer numbers and each number was written on sealed envelope which was later picked by each participant.
Baseline characteristics
| Characteristic | — |
|---|---|
| Age, Categorical <=18 years | 9 Participants |
| Age, Categorical >=65 years | 0 Participants |
| Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years | 33 Participants |
| Race and Ethnicity Not Collected | 0 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Female | 0 Participants |
| Sex: Female, Male Male | 25 Participants |
| Symptoms Duration | 14.32 Months STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.81 |
| Training Time | 9.64 Hours per Week STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.06 |
Adverse events
| Event type | EG000 affected / at risk | EG001 affected / at risk |
|---|---|---|
| deaths Total, all-cause mortality | 0 / 25 | 0 / 25 |
| other Total, other adverse events | 1 / 25 | 2 / 25 |
| serious Total, serious adverse events | 0 / 25 | 0 / 25 |
Outcome results
None listed