The Key to Emotional Balance
Conditions
Brief summary
This randomized controlled experimental study aimed to evaluate the effects of the Key to Emotional Balance (KBA) psychoeducational program, based on the Balance Model of Positive Psychotherapy (PPT), on indicators of emotion regulation difficulties, recovery, and purpose in life in adults with bipolar disorder. Intervention and control groups (n=37 each; total n=74) will be formed through simple random assignment. The intervention will consist of eight individual sessions, each lasting 40-50 minutes. Data will be collected using the Difficulty in Emotion Regulation, Recovery Assessment Scale, and the Life Goals Scale in the Context of PPT. Measurements will be conducted as a pretest and posttest.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALThe Key to Emotional Balance
The Key to Emotional Balance (KBA) program consists of eight sessions, each lasting 40-50 minutes, and aims to help participants develop emotional balance. The first session introduces the individual, introduces group rules, provides information about the program, and supports the client in identifying and expressing their emotions. The second session encourages the client to assess their energy-time intensity in their current and future balance models and, if deviations occur, to restructure them. The third session will help participants recognize their abilities in coping with bipolar illness and its symptoms and to use these abilities effectively. They will also be encouraged to identify factors that hinder their ability to use their abilities and focus on their developed abilities. The fourth session will focus on developing a positive perspective, enabling them to approach bipolar illness and its symptoms from a positive perspective. The fifth session will support participants
Sponsors
The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey
TC Erciyes University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
1. Having a diagnosis of bipolar I or bipolar II disorder according to the DSM-5. 2. Being between 18 and 65 years of age. 3. Being literate and having the cognitive capacity to participate in written questionnaires. 4. Being in a stable mood/remission (neither severely manic nor severely depressed) at the start of the study. 5. Being on medication or willing and able to comply with treatment. 6. Voluntarily agreeing to participate in the study and signing the informed consent form.
Exclusion criteria
1. Being in an episode of acute mania or severe depression. 2. Having a diagnosis of another serious psychiatric disorder such as schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, severe anxiety disorder, or obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). 3. Cognitive impairments, such as dementia, severe cognitive impairment, or mental retardation, that would prevent participation in the recommended therapy. 4. Individuals with a history of substance abuse within the last 6 months or ongoing active substance use. 5. Individuals who have attempted suicide within the last 6 months or who currently have suicidal thoughts (patients at high risk of suicide). 6. Refusal to attend regular therapy sessions or severe resistance to psychotherapy. 7. Individuals who are not compliant with recommended medication for bipolar disorder. 8. Serious medical problems or chronic conditions that would prevent recommended psychotherapy (e.g., uncontrolled epilepsy or serious cardiovascular disease). 9. Inability to speak Turkish sufficiently to understand the questionnaires and therapeutic interventions or difficulty communicating.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Difficulty in Emotion Regulation | Timeframe: Pre-test, 8 weeks later | The short form of the scale was developed by Bjureberg and colleagues (2016). The scale is a 5-point Likert-type scale consisting of 16 items. It includes five subscales. These are: difficulty in making sense of emotions when experiencing negative emotions (clarity), difficulty in performing goal-directed behaviors when experiencing negative emotions (goals), difficulty in applying emotion regulation strategies when experiencing negative emotions (strategies), difficulty in accepting negative emotions (non-acceptance), and difficulty in maintaining impulse control when experiencing negative emotions (drive). The validity and reliability study of the scale, which consists of the sub-dimensions of goals (questions 3, 7, 15), strategies (questions 5, 6, 12, 14, 16), non-acceptance (questions 9, 10, 13, openness (questions 1, 2) and impulse (questions 4, 8, 11), was carried out by Yiğit and Güzey-Yiğit (2017) in our country. It is observed that the Cronbach's Alpha internal consistency co |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Recovery Assessment Scale: | Timeframe: Pre-test, 8 weeks later | The scale was developed by Corrigan and colleagues (2004) to measure various sub-dimensions of recovery from the perspective of individuals diagnosed with mental illness and adapted to Turkish by Güler and Gurkan (2019). The scale consists of 24 items and 5 sub-dimensions. It is a 5-point Likert-type scale. The sub-dimensions of the scale include: self-confidence and hope sub-dimension: items 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, and 21; help-seeking behavior sub-dimension: items 18, 19, and 20; goal and achievement orientation sub-dimension: items 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5; trust in others sub-dimension: items 6, 22, 23, and 24; and coping with symptoms sub-dimension: items 15, 16, and 17. There are no reverse items in the scale. Possible scores range from 24 to 120. The total scale score is the sum of the scores obtained from each item. While there is no cutoff score, it is assumed that improvement scores increase as the total scale score increases. Cronbach's alpha values for the scale subscales |
| Determining Life Goals in the Context of Positive Psychotherapy (PPBYABÖ): | Timeframe: Pre-test, 8 weeks later | This scale was developed by Eryılmaz (2012). It measures whether individuals have determined their life goals in three areas. The scale is a nine-item, four-point Likert-type scale with three subdimensions: achievement (career) goals, relationship goals, and body (sense) goals. The Body Goals dimension of the scale includes individuals' goals related to physical relaxation; the Relationship Goals dimension includes individuals' goals such as determining the characteristics of their future spouses and having children. The Success Goals dimension includes individuals' career goals. Items 1, 2, and 3 are related to achievement (career) goals; items 4, 5, and 6 are related to relationship goals; and items 7, 8, and 9 are related to body (sense) goals. The lowest score possible on the scale is 9, and the highest score is 36. The Cronbach Alpha value of the achievement (career) goals sub-dimension of the scale is 0.85, the Cronbach Alpha value of the relationship goals dimension is 0.73, an |
Outcome results
None listed