Diabete Mellitus
Conditions
Keywords
cardiovascular risk scores, visceral adiposity indices, diabetes mellitus, VAT, LAP
Brief summary
calculate cardiovascular risk scores in type 2 DM patients, then estimate its association with new visceral adipose tissue indices
Detailed description
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) constitutes a significant health challenge for individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), affecting approximately 32% of this population and contributing significantly to global mortality.Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) accumulation has been recognized as a major contributor to adverse cardiac remodelling. Unlike subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), VAT is metabolically active, promoting a pro-inflammatory, lipotoxic, and insulin-resistant environment that accelerates myocardial fibrosis, hypertrophy, and diastolic dysfunction. Despite its clinical significance, VAT is challenging to measure in routine practice. Advanced imaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging provide direct VAT assessment but it's costly, time-consuming, and impractical for large-scale screening. In contrast, traditional anthropometric measures like body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) do not distinguish VAT from SAT and fail to capture the true cardiometabolic burden of visceral fat .To address these limitations, researchers have focused on developing non-invasive visceral obesity indices that combine anthropometric and laboratory-based parameters. These indices are particularly relevant for T2DM patients, as insulin resistance often occurs when fat accumulates in intra-abdominal depots and is associated with a constellation of CVD risk factors, in what is known as the metabolic syndrome.
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
Assiut University
Study design
Observational model
CASE_CONTROL
Time perspective
CROSS_SECTIONAL
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
40 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Adult patients ≥40 years old attending the out patients clinics * Patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Exclusion criteria
* Patient with a history of cardiovascular events * Patient with type 1 diabetes or gestational diabetes. * Pregnant women. * Hypothyroidism, * Cushing disease * polycystic ovarian syndrome. * Congestive heart failure * chronic liver disease .- chronic kidney disease, * cancer * Current use of steroids, birth control pills, antipsychotics, antidepressants, epilepsy drugs. * Patients with physical deformities or conditions affecting anthropometric measurements.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| The prevalence of elevated 10-year cardiovascular risk scores among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. | 1 YEAR | Measurement tool: WHO cardiovascular risk chart Unit of measure: % of patients with ≥10% predicted 10-year cardiovascular risk |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| The correlation between cardiovascular risk scores and non-invasive visceral adiposity indices (such as LAP and VAI). | 1 YEAR | Tools: WHO cardiovascular risk chart, LAP & VAI indices Unit: Correlation coefficient |
Other
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| The relationship between cardiovascular risk and clinical/lifestyle factors (e.g., duration of diabetes, BMI, physical activity, smoking, blood pressure, lipid profile). | 1 YEAR | Tools: WHO cardiovascular risk chart, clinical records, questionnaires, lab tests Unit: Regression / correlation coefficients |
Countries
Egypt
Outcome results
None listed