Appetite, Obesity and Obesity-related Medical Conditions
Conditions
Keywords
Appetite, Diet, Intervention, Single meal study
Brief summary
The overall aim of the study is to determine effects of different meal characteristics on energy intake, eating rate and appetite.
Interventions
Meal low in energy density, low in ultra-processed food
Meal low in energy density, high in ultra-processed food
Meal high in energy density, low in ultra-processed food
Meal high in energy density, high in ultra-processed food
Sponsors
Göteborg University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
FACTORIAL
Primary purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
SINGLE (Subject)
Intervention model description
2\*2 factorial
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 64 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Age 18-64 years * Body mass index (BMI) 18.5-35.0 kg/m2 * Weight stability the last 3 months +/-5%
Exclusion criteria
* Food allergies, intolerances or preferences preventing consumption of any products included in the study. * Unable to sufficiently understand written and spoken Swedish or English to provide written consent and understand information and instructions from the study personal. * Pregnant, lactating or planning a pregnancy during the study period. * History of stomach or gastrointestinal conditions or major gastrointestinal surgery (Inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease, malabsorption, colostomy, bowel resection, gastric bypass surgery etc.) * Type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes. * Drug treated thyroid disorder •- Following any weight reduction program or having followed one during the last 6 months prior to screening. * Medication for weight reduction purpose effecting appetite or fat absorption (e.g. GLP-1 analogues, orlistat) * Severe dysfunctional eating behavior based on Three Factor Eating Questionnaire
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Energy intake | Baseline until 1 hour, or completion of the meal (which ever comes first) | Energy intake estimated by nutrient calculation of leftover food |
| Eating rate | Baseline until 1 hour, or completion of the meal (which ever comes first) | Time it takes to eat the study meal until satisfied |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Self-reported appetite | Before, and after the meal (before meal and after 30 minutes, 1hour, 1.5 hours, 2 hours and 4 hours) | Self-reported appetite, using Visual Analogue Scales |
| Self-reported prospective energy intake | From 30 min until midnight or bedtime (which ever comes first) | Self-reported prospective energy intake during the remainder of the day |
Countries
Sweden
Contacts
PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATORLinnea Bärebring, PhD, Associate professor
Göteborg University
Outcome results
None listed