Abdominal Surgery
Conditions
Keywords
abdominal surgery, deep breathing exercise, pranamaya, pain, anxiety
Brief summary
This study will be conducted to evaluate the therapeutic effects of pranayama breathing technique and deep breathing exercises on pain and anxiety after abdominal surgery.
Detailed description
Abdominal surgeries often present with significant pain and the need for analgesia, and inadequate pain control can lead to delayed wound healing, cognitive impairment, stress, and anxiety. Surgical patients frequently experience anxiety and moderate to severe pain during the perioperative period. Non-pharmacological methods provide significant support to pharmacological treatments during this period. Pranayama and deep breathing exercises stand out as effective methods that promote relaxation and reduce pain perception and anxiety. While the literature supports the positive effects of these techniques, studies on their use after abdominal surgery are limited. This research aims to fill this gap and demonstrate the benefits of non-pharmacological approaches in postoperative care.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALPranayama Breathing Exercise
Pranayama breathing technique consisting of 6 cycles, demonstrated by the researcher before the operation, supported by the brochure, and lasting 8-10 minutes every 2 hours from the 4th post-operative hour.
BEHAVIORALDeep Breathing Exercise
Deep breathing exercise, demonstrated one-on-one before surgery and supported by a guide, applied 6 times every 2 hours from the 4th post-operative hour onwards.
Sponsors
Cukurova University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
DOUBLE (Subject, Outcomes Assessor)
Masking description
Before the surgery, patients in the pranayama intervention group will be taught the Pranayama breathing technique. Individuals in the deep breathing exercise intervention group will be taught deep breathing exercises by the researcher before the surgical intervention. No application will be made to the control group.
Intervention model description
There are 3 groups: pranamaya group, deep breathing exercise group and control group.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Patients aged 18-65, * Having undergone elective abdominal surgery, * Having no communication difficulties, * Having no cognitive problems, * Having no psychiatric illness, * Having not previously practiced breathing exercises, * Agreeing to participate in the study, * Having an American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) rating of I, II, or III will be included in the sample group.
Exclusion criteria
* Patients who developed complications such as bleeding, anastomotic leakage, atelectasis, deep vein thrombosis, or pulmonary embolism in the postoperative period; who wished to withdraw from the study at any stage; or who required intensive care in the postoperative period will not be included in the study.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory: | 5 months | Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory: First developed by Spielberger and his colleagues in 1970, it was adapted into Turkish by Öner and Le Compte (1982), and its validity and reliability studies were conducted. This inventory consists of two subsections, each containing 20 items: State Anxiety (STAI-I) and Trait Anxiety (STAI-II). In the state anxiety section, participants select one of the following options: not at all, a little, a lot, or completely. In the trait anxiety section, participants respond with the following options: almost never, sometimes, most of the time. The total score on the scale ranges from 20 to 80; higher scores indicate higher anxiety levels. In the study conducted by Günaydın and Oflaz (1998), anxiety scores were classified according to their levels and defined as 20-39 as mild, 40-59 as moderate, 60-79 as high and over 80 points as panic level anxiety. |
| Visual Analog Scale (VAS) | 5 months | Visual Analog Scale (VAS) The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was designed in 1983 by Price and colleagues to assess pain intensity. This measurement tool consists of a 10-cm-long straight line with the words no pain at one end and unbearable pain at the other. The patient is asked to mark a point on the line corresponding to the intensity of the pain they are experiencing; this point is scored in centimeters from the beginning. The score is categorized as no pain for 0, mild for 1-4, moderate for 5-6, severe for 7-8, and extreme pain for 10. |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Outcome results
None listed