DM, HTN-Hypertension, Myocardial Infarction
Conditions
Keywords
Myocardial Infarction, Delayed presentation, Acute Coronary Syndrome, Cardiovascular Disease
Brief summary
This study is being done to learn more about people who have had a heart attack, also called a myocardial infarction (MI). A heart attack happens when blood flow to the heart muscle is blocked, causing damage. The purpose of this study is to better understand the causes of delayed presentation and effects of the factors that caused delayed presentation. We will collect information about patients' medical history, treatments, and recovery after their heart attack. This information may include blood tests, heart imaging, medications, and lifestyle factors. By studying these patients, we hope to find patterns that can help doctors predict complications, improve treatment, and reduce the chance of another heart attack. The results of this study may help health care providers give better care and guidance to patients and families living with heart disease.
Interventions
OTHERObservational
no intervention was required for this cross sectional study
Sponsors
Bacha Khan Medical College
Study design
Observational model
OTHER
Time perspective
CROSS_SECTIONAL
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 80 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Adults aged 18 years and older with a confirmed diagnosis of myocardial infarction (STEMI or NSTEMI). * Ability to provide informed consent (or consent from a legally authorized representative if patient is incapacitated).
Exclusion criteria
* Severe comorbid illness (e.g., advanced cancer, end-stage renal or liver disease) that may limit survival or affect study outcomes. * Inability to comply with follow-up requirements (e.g., cognitive impairment, lack of contact information, or unwillingness to participate)
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Number and percentage of MI patients identifying specific barriers (e.g., lack of awareness, distance, transport issues) for delayed hospital presentation, using a researcher-designed structured questionnaire. | 6 months | Data will be collected using a structured and standardized questionnaire. The questionnaire includes: 1. Sociodemographic data: age, gender, BMI, employment status, past history of MI, and comorbidities. 2. Knowledge of MI symptoms and severity. 3. Pre-hospital details: first medical contact, transportation, and time to hospital. 4. In-hospital details: time to diagnosis and treatment. Responses will be summarized as frequency and percentage distributions for categorical variables (e.g., gender, employment, comorbidities), and mean ± SD for continuous variables (e.g., age, BMI). |
Countries
Pakistan
Outcome results
None listed