Physical Activity
Conditions
Keywords
Metabolic response, Energy expenditure, Physical fitness
Brief summary
The goal of this observational study is to learn about the effects of physical activity in adult on metabolic response. The main question it aims to answer is: * if physical activity is unlimited to increase the total energy expenditure (TEE)? Participants will engage in the following measurements: * Record their daily physical activity by GT3X. * Measure TEE by doubly-labeled water (DLW) method * Measure basal energy expenditure(BEE) and thermic effect of food(TEF) by respiratory chamber
Detailed description
The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of various physical activities on metabolic and behavior response. Energy expenditure, body composition, and metabolism will be measured by the following measurements: * TEE: TEE will be measured using the DLW method. Urine samples from all participants in the DLW subset will be stored at -20℃ and shipped on dry ice for analysis in the laboratory of Prof. John Speakman at the Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese academy of sciences. Isotopes will be measured in benchtop near-infrared isotope gas analyzer, and mean CO2 production will be calculated from isotope ratios using the recently derived equation. TEE will then be calculated using mean CO2 production. * REE and TEF: REE and TEF will be measured by indirect calorimetry while participants are resting supine in a respiratory chamber with thermoneutral conditions. Oxygen consumption and CO2 production will be measured to calculate energy expenditure. REE will be consistently measured throughout sleeping at night and in the morning after overnight fasting, and TEF will be measured after breakfast. * Physical activity： Physical activity of the participants will be recorded using GT3X accelerometer worn near the hip for a consecutive period of 14 days. The monitor should not be worn while bathing or swimming. The first day is discarded along with any day with less than 12 hours of wear. For a valid measure the goal is to get 2 weekday and 2 weekend days. * VO2max test: Participants need to warm up with simple stretching or light aerobic exercise before the test. The test will be conducted on a treadmill. A comfortable running speed acceptable to the participants will be set. The treadmill's incline will be increased by 10% every two minutes until the individual reaches their physical limit and can no longer continue. During this test, a respiratory mask and gas analyzer will be used to measure the concentration of oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) in the breath to calculate VO2max. * Food intake Photographic and food weighing methods to record food intake for two random days throughout the period of DLW measurement. * Blood glucose Fasting and post-prandial glucose will be recorded by a continuous glucose monitoring system. * Body composition： Fat mass will be measured by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI, Shanghai united imaging, uMR 790 ). Bioimpedance Analysis will measure fat-free mass (Tanita, MC-980). Bone mass will be measured by Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA, Horizon Wi, HOLOGIC). * Body weight: At visit 1, fasting body weight will be measured using a calibrated seca at the beginning of the visit. Fasting weight will be measured at visit 2 and, if applicable. * Height: Height (to +0.1 cm) will be measured by seca 217 stable without wearing shoes. * Waist circumference: Hip and waist circumference (to +0.3 cm) will be measured using a whole body laser scanner. * Blood pressure: Systolic and diastolic blood pressure will be measured using an Omron digital sphygmomanometer.
Interventions
Observation without intervention
Sponsors
Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology ,Chinese Academy of Sciences
Study design
Observational model
CASE_CONTROL
Time perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 60 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* BMI ≥ 18.5 kg/m2
Exclusion criteria
* Individuals who have undergone major surgery in the past 6 months (excluding tooth extraction); * Individuals with severe metabolic and cardiovascular diseases such as diabetes, hypoglycemia, and hypertension; * Individuals with exercise-related injuries, including joint diseases and fractures; * Individuals diagnosed with infectious diseases such as HIV, tuberculosis, malaria, etc.; * Individuals with mental and neurological disorders including anorexia nervosa; * Individuals who have attempted weight loss or gain through various methods in the past three months; * Individuals in preconception, pregnancy, and lactation periods; * Individuals with autism and those with metal implants in their bodies.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Differences in total energy expenditure (TEE) measured by the doubly labeled water (DLW) method across experimental groups | 14days | \- The change in TEE will be evaluated using the DLW. Urine samples from all participants in the DLW subset will be stored at -20℃ and shipped on dry ice for analysis in the laboratory of Dr. John Speakman at the University of Aberdeen, or the Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese academy of sciences. Isotopes will be measured in benchtop near-infrared isotope gas analyzer, and mean CO2 production will be calculated from isotope ratios using the recently derived equation (Speakman et al 2021: Cell reports medicine). TEE will then be calculated using mean CO2 production using the Weir equation. |
| Differences in non-exercise physical activity across experimental groups | 14days | \- Physical activity of the participants will be recorded using GT3X accelerometer worn near the hip for a consecutive period of 14 days. |
| Differences in resting energy expenditure (REE) measured by respiratory chamber across experimental groups | 1 day | \- REE will be evaluated by respiratory chamber. |
| Differences in thermic effect of food (TEF) measured by respiratory chamber across experimental groups | 1 day | \- TEF will be evaluated by respiratory chamber. |
| Differences in exercise energy expenditure (EEE) measured by COSMED across experimental groups | 1 hour | \- EEE will be evaluated using an indirect calorimetry COSMED. |
| Differences in food intake across experimental groups | 2 days | Photographic and food weighing methods to record food intake for two random days throughout the period of DLW measurement |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Differences in sedentary time measured by GT3X accelerometer across experimental groups | 14 days | \- Sedentary time will be represented from the GT3X accelerometer. |
| Differences in intestinal microbiota across experimental groups | 5 minutes for collection, 7 days for analysis. | Feces will be collected for gut microbiome analysis of intestinal microbiota. |
| Differences in glucose across experimental groups | 7 days | Fasting and post-prandial glucose will be recorded by a continuous glucose monitoring system. |
| Differences in fat mass across experimental groups | 10 minutes | Fat mass will be measured by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (Shanghai united imaging, uMR 790 ). |
| Differences in fat-free mass across experimental groups | 2 minutes | Fat-free mass will be measured by Bioimpedance Analysis (Tanita, MC-980). |
| Differences in bone mass intensity across experimental groups | 7 minutes | Bone mass intensity will be measured by DXA( Horizon Wi, HOLOGIC) |
| Differences in circulating hormones across experimental groups | 1 minutes for collection, 7 days for analysis. | The nurse will collect the fasting blood sample. Metabolomics will analyze circulating hormones and metabolites. |
Countries
China
Contacts
Primary ContactJohn R Speakman, PhD
Backup ContactXinyi BI, PhD
Outcome results
None listed