Primary Headache, Social Anxiety Disorder
Conditions
Brief summary
This case-control study will examine whether adolescents aged 12-18 years with a diagnosis of primary headache are more likely to experience elevated social anxiety compared to matched healthy controls. Social anxiety will be assessed using the SAS-A, and the study will also explore whether environmental and sociodemographic factors such as tobacco smoke exposure, BMI, and parental education influence this relationship.
Detailed description
The study will include adolescents aged 12-18 years who have been diagnosed with primary headachebased on the International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (ICHD-3). The main exposure ofinterest will be the presence and severity of social anxiety, which will be measured using the Social AnxietyScale for Adolescents (SAS-A), a validated self-report questionnaire. The SAS-A takes approximately 10minutes to complete. Additional variables that will be collected will include sociodemographiccharacteristics, BMI, parental education levels, income status, parental smoking habits, and theadolescent's exposure to secondhand and thirdhand tobacco smoke. All assessments, includingquestionnaires and physical measurements (height and weight), are expected to be completed inapproximately 20 minutes per participant. The total observation duration for each participant will be about30 minutes.
Interventions
None listed
Sponsors
Konya Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi
Study design
Observational model
CASE_CONTROL
Time perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
12 Years to 18 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Adolescents aged 12-18 years * Case group: Participants who will be diagnosed with primary headache according to InternationalClassification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (ICHD-3) criteria, confirmed by a pediatric neurologist * Control group: Participants who will have no history of recurrent headache or chronic physical/psychiatricillness
Exclusion criteria
* History of neurological disease other than primary headache * Any previously diagnosed psychiatric disorders * Regular use of psychotropic medications * Cognitive or developmental disabilities that would interfere with assessments
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Total score on the Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents (SAS-A) | Day 1 | The SAS-A, a self-administered 22-item Likert-scale questionnaire |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Prevalence of clinically significant social anxiety (SAS-A = 50) | Day 1 | Classification based on SAS-A total score cut-off |
| Body Mass Index (BMI) differences between groups | Day 1 | BMI calculated as kg/m² |
| Parental smoking status | Day 1 | Self-report from caregiver; statistical comparison of SAS-A scores by smoking exposure |
Contacts
Primary ContactFatma SARGIN, MD
Outcome results
None listed