Anxiety, Fear and Anxiety, Sexual Abuse of Child (If Focus of Attention is on Victim)
Conditions
Keywords
anogenital examination, Sexual abuse of child, Child Monitoring Center, Mandala, anxiety
Brief summary
The goal of this study is evaluating the effectiveness of a mandala-coloring intervention in reducing psychological distress (fear, state anxiety, and related physiological indicators) during anogenital examinations among sexually abused children aged 9-12.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALMandala coloring activity
This technique is a creative art-based relaxation method that aims to reduce children's anxiety and fear levels. The application was carried out to make children feel psychologically safer and calmer before the examination. The selected mandala forms were created in accordance with the attention span, motor skill capacity and visual perception development of children between the ages of 9 and 12 by choosing simple but symbolic structures with moderate level of detail.
Sponsors
Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
9 Years to 12 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Coming to anogenital examination for the first time, * The child and parents have native Turkish language skills and the ability to read and write.
Exclusion criteria
* Sensory loss at a level that prevents communication with the child, * Intelligence quotient (IQ) of 55 and below in the records, * Has a mental or neurological disability that prevents communication.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Findings on Anxiety Level | Baseline, half an hour before the anogenital examination and immediately after anogenital examination | State Anxiety Inventory for Children used in this study. It was developed by Spielberger to measure state and trait anxiety levels of children aged 9-12 years. Its adaptation into Turkish, validity and reliability study was conducted by Özusta (1993). It consists of two subscales, state anxiety and trait anxiety, each consisting of 20 items. State anxiety subscale: Measures how the child feels at that moment. Trait anxiety subscale: Measures how the child feels in general. Both subscales give scores ranging from 20 to 60. In this study, since the change in state anxiety level before and after the anogenital examination will be evaluated, the state anxiety subscale was predominantly reflected in the findings. However, although trait anxiety was not examined in pre- and post-examination comparison, this subscale was also examined in the pre-test and post-test measurements. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of state anxiety subscale was 0.82 and trait anxiety subscale was 0.81 |
| Findings on Fear Level | Baseline, half an hour before the anogenital examination and immediately after anogenital examination | Children's Fear Scale: It is a single-item scale consisting of 5 facial expressions. The first facial expression is scored as neutral (0) and the last facial expression as the highest fear (4). It is used to measure the fear level of children before and after the procedure (blood sampling, examination, etc.) (McMurtry et al., 2011). In this study, it was used to determine the change in fear level before and after anogenital examination. Since it includes a single scoring, the reliability coefficient was not calculated. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Cardiac Pulse Finding | Baseline, half an hour before the anogenital examination and immediately after anogenital examination | It is a form in which the pulse (beats/min) counts and the scores obtained from the scales are recorded before and after the examination. |
| Respiratory Rate Finding | Baseline, half an hour before the anogenital examination and immediately after anogenital examination | It is a form in which the respiration (breaths/min) counts and the scores obtained from the scales are recorded before and after the examination. |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Outcome results
None listed