Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Conditions
Keywords
Balance, Breathing, COPD, Functional Capacity, Mobilization
Brief summary
The objective of this study will be to determine the combine effect of scapulothoracic mobilization with Buteyko breathing on pulmonary parameters functional capacity and balance among COPD patient.
Detailed description
The study will be Randomized Clinical Trial which include forty (40) subjects clinically diagnosed according to Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) standard of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Patients will be allocated into two groups i.e. Group A (20) and Group B (20). Group A scapulothoracic mobilization with Buteyko breathing (BBT) and Group B received Buteyko breathing (BBT). The Pulse oximeter will be used to evaluate Pulmonary parameters. The 6-meter walk test will be used to assess functional capacity. The Activities-specific balance confidence scale (ABC scale) will be used to assess Balance Confidence and Single leg stance (SLS) will be used to evaluate balance. The evaluation will be done on day one as pretreatment values and post-treatment values at the end of third week.
Interventions
Scapulothoracic Mobilization and Buteyko Breathing Technique: Subjects lay supine with arms crossed, hands on opposite scapulae. The interventionist stabilized elbows and applied pressure to shoulders, with one hand on the spine using a loose fist to mobilize vertebrae. Various spinal motions-rotation, flexion, lateral flexion, and translation-were assessed. In a lateral position, the subject bent both knees and placed the upper arm on a cushion. The interventionist stood close, placing fingers under the scapula's medial border.
OTHERButeyko breathing
Buteyko Breathing: Subjects sat upright, relaxed respiratory muscles, and breathed gently through the nose. The sequence included calm nasal inhalation and exhalation using the diaphragm, followed by shallow inhalation and slow exhalation. A brief post-exhalation breath hold was added. The cycle was repeated for several minutes.
Sponsors
Rashid Latif Medical College
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Subject)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
40 Years to 65 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Clinically Diagnosed COPD is confirmed by diagnostic criteria of COPD (forced expiratory volume in 1 second \[FEV1\] \<80% predicted, FEV1/forced vital capacity \[FVC\] \<0.7 predicted) according to the international guideline and the ability to provide inform consent. * Patients with Resting Respiratory Rate \>\_ 24
Exclusion criteria
* Patients diagnosed with a primary pulmonary vascular disease * Patients diagnosed with severe psychiatric disorders and cognitive dysfunction * Patients diagnosed severe auditory/visual impairments * Patients diagnosed Musculoskeletal, Rheumatic ,Cardiac/Neurological disorder and Malignancies * Patients diagnosed with skin, peripheral vascular disorder excluded
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Oxygen Saturation | Pre and 2 week Post intervention | Oxygen saturation is measured by Pulse oximeter The gold standard for measuring arterial blood oxygen saturation (SaO₂) requires arterial blood sampling, but pulse oximetry provides a non-invasive estimate (SpO₂) widely used to detect hypoxemia. |
| Functional capacity | Pre and 2 week post intervention | Functional Capacity is measured by 6- minute walk test. The 6-minute walk test (6MWT) is a well-known tool to measure ability to walk and endurance in the sub-maximal condition. The 6MWT is a exercise test that involves measuring the distance walked over a span of 6 minutes. Participants were encouraged to walk on a straight, flat surface as fast as possible for 6 minutes on a marked course, with pauses as necessary. |
| Balance | Pre and 2 week post intervention | The Balance is measured by Single leg stance test. Single Leg Stance (SLS). The SLS is a simple balance test where the participant stands on one leg for as long as possible (up to 60 seconds) with hands on hips. The test is performed first with eyes open, then with eyes closed. Longer duration indicates better balance. The SLS has demonstrated excellent reliability in individuals with COPD as well as in community-dwelling older adults. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Respiratory rate | Pre and Post 2 week intervention | Respiratory rate is measured by Pulse oximeter Pulse oximetry can reliably estimate respiratory rate (RR) and is suitable for wearable use due to its compactness and cost-effectiveness. |
| Heart rate | Pre and Post 2 week intervention | Heart rate is measured by the Pulse oximeter. Normal resting heart rate ranges from 60-100 bpm, but it may fluctuate. COPD patients often show elevated resting HR. Pulse oximeters can effectively monitor HR. |
Countries
Pakistan
Outcome results
None listed