Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Disorder
Conditions
Brief summary
The two main groups of medicated patients with schizophrenia (SZ) are those receiving second-generation antipsychotics and those receiving first-generation antipsychotics. The purpose of this research project is to target each patient group to examine effects of rhythmic auditory stimulation (RAS) on upper-limb movements in medicated SZ patients in a 6-month follow-up period. The main questions of this project are: 1. Does RAS reduce severity of upper-limb bradykinesia (slow movements) and dyskinesia (repetitive and involuntary movements) after intervention, at 3-month follow-up and 6-month follow-up in SZ patients receiving second-generation antipsychotics? and 2. Does RAS reduce severity of upper-limb bradykinesia and dyskinesia after intervention, at 3-month follow-up and 6-month follow-up in SZ patients receiving first-generation antipsychotics? Researchers will compare upper-limb movement training with the aid of RAS to upper-limb movement training without the aid of RAS to see if RAS works to improve upper-limb movements in SZ patients. Participants will: 1. Undergo an interview and movement tests and fill out questionnaires before and after the movement training program and at 3-month follow-up and 6-month follow-up; and 2. Receive movement training for 40 minutes per session for a total of 21 sessions.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALRAS incorporated in upper-limb movement training
RAS will be metronome beat sound with different tempi and will be incorporated in upper-limb movement training, which will last for 40 minutes per session for a total of 21 sessions.
BEHAVIORALUpper-limb movement training
Upper-limb movement training will last for 40 minutes per session for a total of 21 sessions.
Sponsors
Shu-Mei Wang
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE (Outcomes Assessor)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 60 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
\[For SZ patients\] Inclusion Criteria: * A diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder * Between 18 to 60 years old * Keeping the same antipsychotics and the same dosage at least 4 weeks right before joining the study * A Edinburgh Handedness Inventory score of \> 60 * A Montreal Cognitive Assessment score of ≥ 24
Exclusion criteria
* Substance abuse or drug abuse * Neurological diseases or medical conditions that affect upper-limb movements and hearing * Other psychiatric diagnoses in addition to a diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder \[For healthy participants\] Inclusion Criteria: * Between 18 to 60 years old * A Edinburgh Handedness Inventory score of \> 60 * A Montreal Cognitive Assessment score of ≥ 24
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Purdue pegboard test | Up to 1 week right before the 1st session of the intervention | A larger value (the number of inserted pins) means a faster movement. |
| Box and Block Test | Up to 1 week right before the 1st session of the intervention | A larger value (the number of blocks) means a faster movement. |
| Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale | Up to 1 week right before the 1st session of the intervention | A larger score means more severe bradykinesia |
| Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale | Up to 1 week right before the 1st session of the intervention | A larger score means more severe dyskinesia |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test | Up to 1 week right before the 1st session of the intervention | A larger value (the time for completing the task) of each task means a slower movement. |
| The Montreal Cognitive Assessment | Up to 1 week right before the 1st session of the intervention | A larger score means higher cognition. |
| Averaged weekly working hours | Up to 1 week right before the 1st session of the intervention | A larger value (working hours) means higher working function. |
| The short version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaire | Up to 1 week right before the 1st session of the intervention | A larger score means higher quality of life. |
| Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale | Up to 1 week right before the 1st session of the intervention | A larger score means more severe psychotic symptoms. |
Countries
Taiwan
Outcome results
None listed