Acute Myocardial Infarction, Cardiac Enzymes, Serum Copper
Conditions
Brief summary
This study aims to investigate the correlation between serum copper levels and cardiac enzymes in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
Detailed description
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the most serious types of coronary artery disease (CAD). In CAD, coronary blood flow is drastically reduced or interrupted, causing severe myocardial ischemia or necrosis. Cardiac troponin I (TNI), creatine kinase (CK), and creatine kinase MB (CK-MB) are the most commonly used biomarkers for AMI clinical diagnosis. Among them, cardiac troponin is a highly specific biomarker for the diagnosis of AMI. However, the sensitivity is not good in the first few AMI hours, and false-positive values may occur in severe heart failure, arrhythmia, and myocarditis. Copper is vital in multiple enzymes necessary for antioxidant protection, such as Superoxide dismutases (SOD) and ceruloplasmin. SOD is an enzyme that changes superoxide radicals into hydrogen peroxide, whereas ceruloplasmin is an antioxidant protein that aids in eliminating free radicals.
Interventions
OTHERTransthoracic echocardiography
Transthoracic echocardiography will be done for all patients during their cardiac care unit stay including two-dimensional and color Doppler echocardiography studies. It will be performed in the left lateral position using the parasternal and apical transducer positions. All studies will be technically adequate for scoring endocardial regional wall motion. The following views will be obtained: long-axis parasternal, short-axis parasternal, apical four chamber, apical two-chamber and apical five-chamber views. All the measurements taken will be according to the criteria of the American Society of Echocardiography
Sponsors
Sohag University
Study design
Observational model
CASE_CONTROL
Time perspective
RETROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Age ≥18 years old. * Both sexes. * Patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). AMI are defined as patients complaining of typical continuous chest pain for more than 30 min: ST-segment elevation of more than 0.1 mV in two or more successive leads or ST-segment depression of more than 0.1 mV in two or more successive leads monitored by a standard 12-lead ECG and rise of either creatine kinase (CK) or MB fraction of creatine kinase (CKMB) to greater than twice the normal level or elevation of troponin I \[cardiac troponin T (cTnT)\] more than or equal to 0.1 ng/ml
Exclusion criteria
* Patients with insufficient clinical information. * Passed time MI (if patients presented with symptoms that lasted \>24 h). * Cardiogenic shock. * Chronic kidney disease. * Chronic liver cell failure. * Significant valvular heart disease. * Hematological disease. * Malignancy. * Severe liver or renal disease. * Systemic inflammatory disease. * Active infection. * Autoimmune disease. * Patients on steroids whatever the cause is.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Serum copper level | Immediately after echocardiography (Up to 1 hour) | Serum copper level will be recorded. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Correlation between copper zinc and cardiac enzyme | Immediately after echocardiography (Up to 1 hour) | Correlation between copper zinc and cardiac enzyme will be done. |
| Creatine kinase | Immediately after echocardiography (Up to 1 hour) | Creatine kinase level will be recorded. |
| MB fraction of creatine kinase | Immediately after echocardiography (Up to 1 hour) | MB fraction of creatine kinase will be recorded. |
| Cardiac troponin T | Immediately after echocardiography (Up to 1 hour) | Cardiac troponin T will be recorded. |
Countries
Egypt
Outcome results
None listed