Smoking Cessation
Conditions
Brief summary
This observational case-control study will investigate the impact of smoking addiction on lower extremity speed and coordination in young adults. Participants aged 18-25 will be divided into two groups based on their smoking status. The study will compare motor coordination and sprint performance between smokers and non-smokers using objective physical tests under standardized laboratory conditions.
Detailed description
This non-randomized controlled study will aim to evaluate the effects of smoking addiction on the speed and coordination of lower extremity movements among healthy young adults. Smoking is known to have detrimental effects on vascular, musculoskeletal, and neurological systems, yet its impact on motor performance-particularly in the lower limbs-has not been sufficiently studied. Participants aged 18-25 will be categorized into smoker and non-smoker groups based on DSM-IV-TR nicotine dependence criteria and the Fagerström Test. The Lower Extremity Motor Coordination Test (LEMOCOT) will be used to assess motor coordination, while a 30-meter sprint test will evaluate movement speed. Additionally, body mass index (BMI) and bimalleolar diameter and circumference will be recorded to control for confounding physical variables. All assessments will be conducted in a controlled laboratory environment. The results will be analyzed to determine whether smoking addiction is associated with impaired lower limb motor function. The findings may provide new insights into the functional consequences of smoking in young adults and contribute to the design of preventive and rehabilitative strategies.
Interventions
OTHERBehavioral/Physical Assessment
This study will not include any therapeutic or clinical intervention. Instead, participants will undergo a series of structured physical and questionnaire-based assessments to evaluate lower extremity motor performance. These include the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence and DSM-IV-TR criteria to classify smoking addiction. Anthropometric measurements such as Body Mass Index (BMI) and bimalleolar diameter/circumference will be recorded to assess potential confounding structural factors. Lower extremity coordination will be evaluated using the Lower Extremity Motor Coordination Test (LEMOCOT), and movement speed will be assessed with a 30-meter sprint test. All assessments will be conducted once in a controlled laboratory setting and are intended solely for comparative analysis between smokers and non-smokers.
Sponsors
Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi
Study design
Observational model
CASE_CONTROL
Time perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 25 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Smoking ≥1 cigarette daily for at least 12 months * Age between 18-25 * Literate and cooperative * BMI: 18.5-29.9 kg/m²
Exclusion criteria
* Orthopedic, neurological, or neuromuscular conditions impairing walking * Chronic pulmonary or cardiac disease * Cognitive impairment * BMI ≥30 kg/m²
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Lower Extremity Coordination Score | Baseline | Tool: LEMOCOT (Lower Extremity Motor Coordination Test) Description: Total number of valid taps within 20 seconds. |
| Sprint Time | Baseline | Tool: 30-Meter Sprint Test Description: Time in seconds taken to complete a 30-meter run at maximum speed. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Nicotine Dependence Score | Baseline | Tool: Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence Description: Total score assessing severity of nicotine addiction. |
| BMI (Body Mass Index) | Baseline | Calculated as weight (kg)/height² (m²), to assess weight-related influence on movement. |
| Bimalleolar Diameter and Circumference | Baseline | Measured with caliper and tape to assess potential structural differences affecting motor coordination. |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Contacts
Primary ContactEsra Pehlivan, Associate Professor
Backup ContactEdanur Kocakaplan
Outcome results
None listed