Coffee
Conditions
Brief summary
This study is designed to evaluate the acute effect of consuming a cup of instant coffee on circulating metabolites and to evaluate whether ingestion of instant coffee in the form of a capsule has a similar effect on circulating metabolites as compared to the conventionally prepared beverage.
Interventions
DIETARY_SUPPLEMENTInstant Coffee Capsule
Participants received 1.7 grams of instant coffee in the form of three capsules. 200 mL of plain water was provided to participants to swallow the three capsules.
DIETARY_SUPPLEMENTInstant Coffee Beverage
Dissolved 1.7 grams of instant coffee in 200 mL of hot water to make a coffee beverage.
Sponsors
National University of Singapore
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
NONE
Intervention model description
Participants will receive both interventions (instant coffee capsule and instant coffee beverage) in a randomized order across two visits.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
21 Years to 64 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
Healthy individuals aged 21-64 years old of Chinese ethnicity and are physically-abled, can participate in the research, and are able to understand English
Exclusion criteria
* Pregnant or breastfeeding * Certain medications including Zanaflex, Sirasalud, Ketanest S, Spravato and Ephedrine Sulfate * Any pre-existing medical conditions, depression, anxiety, caffeine/lactose intolerant, fear of needles and/or blood disorders, allergy to coffee or bovine capsules * Existing dietary restrictions which makes them unable to consume non-halal certified bovine gelatin (the capsule encasing the coffee powder) * Recent history of major surgical operations in the past year * Past or current user of oral/systemic hormone treatment or therapies * Taken antibiotics in the last 3 months * Taking nutritional supplements (that contains coffee/tea-related compounds naturally found in other plants) * Not willing to travel to the University for the study * Unable to commit to completing both study visits
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Caffeine and polyphenol metabolites | The period between the two study visits ranged between 7 to 28 days. | Each participant underwent two interventions, and blood was collected pre- and post- each intervention. Blood was allowed to clot at room temperature. After 30-40 min, serum was separated from entire blood by centrifugation (3000g, 15 min, 4°C) and aliquoted into tubes. All samples were processed on the same day of collection. A total of 7 biomarker compounds (trigonelline, paraxanthine, theophylline, theobromine, caffeine, cyclo(Leu-Pro), and cyclo(Pro-Val)) were quantified using a targeted method developed in-house. The quantification method was optimized by LC retention elution, parent-daughter quantifier mass transitions, and varying MS cone and collision energies (in V) to obtain clear peak separation and height. Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) in positive electrospray ionization mode was performed on a Waters Xevo TQ-S Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer system. |
Countries
Singapore
Outcome results
None listed