Muscle Protein Synthetic Response to Protein
Conditions
Brief summary
Muscles are composed out of proteins. These proteins in turn are composed out of smaller building blocks, called amino acids. By consuming a sufficient amount of dietary protein, a sufficient amount of amino acids become available to build new muscle proteins. The body's ability to build these new muscle proteins is of great importance to maintain muscle strength and function. Previous research suggests that a meal containing proteins from meat results in a better stimulation of the body's ability to build muscle proteins, when compared to a meal containing only plant-based proteins. However, these previous studies have only been performed following the ingestion of a single meal. As a result it is currently unknown how the muscles respond to a more prolonged ingestion of a diet containing animal/meat products, in comparison to a plant-based diet. Therefore, this study aims to investigate how fast new muscle proteins are being build when consuming a diet containing animal/meat products, in comparison to a plant-based (vegan) diet.
Interventions
OTHERMeat diet
Participants will be subjected to a 10-day diet containing meat and animal products. During the interventional period participants will perform unilateral lower limb resistance exercise.
OTHERPlant diet
Participants will be subjected to a 10-day diet containing plant products. During the interventional period participants will perform unilateral lower limb resistance exercise.
Sponsors
National Cattlemen's Beef Association, a contractor to the Beef Checkoff
Maastricht University Medical Center
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
CROSSOVER
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
SINGLE (Outcomes Assessor)
Intervention model description
Randomized, counter-balanced, cross-over design, researchers and participants are not blinded, analysts are blinded.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
65 Years to 85 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Male or female sex * Aged between 65 and 85 y inclusive * BMI between 18.5 and 30 kg/m2 inclusive
Exclusion criteria
* Not willing to consume meat/animal-based products during the study period * Any food allergies (e.g. milk, gluten, etc.) * Participating currently or in the 3 months prior to the study in a structured progressive exercise program. * Smoking * History of cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, urogenital, neurological, psychiatric, dermatologic, musculoskeletal, metabolic, endocrine, haematological, immunologic disorders, allergy, major surgery and/or laboratory assessments which might limit participation in or completion of the study protocol, interfere with the execution of the experiment, or potential influence the study outcomes (to be decided by the study team and responsible physician) * Diagnosed with phenylketonuria (PKU) * Donated full blood 3 months prior to test day * Use of any medications that interferes with study participation and/or outcomes (i.e. corticosteroids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatories, gastric acid suppressing medication) as assessed by the study team and responsible medical doctor. * Use of DOAC, vitamin-K-antagonist, or multiple anticoagulants * Fasting blood glucose \>7 mmol/L
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Integrated muscle protein synthesis rate in rested leg | The 2 intervention periods over which FSR is determined will each last 10 days | The main study endpoint will be the difference in muscle protein synthesis rates in the non-exercised leg, between the plant-based diet and the meat diet, expressed as FSR (%/day). |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Integrated muscle protein synthesis rate in exercised leg | The 2 intervention periods over which FSR is determined will each last 10 days | The difference in muscle protein synthesis rates in the exercised leg, between the plant-based diet and the meat diet, expressed as FSR (%/day). |
| Blood glucose | The 2 intervention periods after which the outcomes are determined will each last 10 days | The difference in plasma glucose concentrations will be determined following the MEAT vs PLANT diet |
| Blood insulin | The 2 intervention periods after which the outcomes are determined will each last 10 days | The difference in plasma, insulin, will be determined following the MEAT vs PLANT diet |
| Blood lipid profile | The 2 intervention periods after which the outcomes are determined will each last 10 days | The difference in blood lipid profile will be determined following the MEAT vs PLANT diet |
| Blood inflammatory markers | The 2 intervention periods after which the outcomes are determined will each last 10 days | The difference in blood inflammatory markers will be determined following the MEAT vs PLANT diet |
| Blood amino acid profile | The 2 intervention periods after which the outcomes are determined will each last 10 days | The difference in plasma amino acid profile will be determined following the MEAT vs PLANT diet |
| Blood pressure | The 2 intervention periods after which the blood pressure is determined will each last 10 days | The difference in blood pressure (both systolic and diastolic) will be determined following the MEAT vs PLANT diet |
Other
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Muscle histology characteristics | At baseline, before start interventional period | Muscle histology characteristics at baseline will be reported as descriptive. |
| Muscle signaling proteins | The 2 intervention periods over which muscle signaling proteins are determined will each last 10 days | The difference in muscle signaling protein between the plant-based diet and the meat diet. |
| Dietary intake | The 2 intervention periods that will be compared will each last 10 days | The dietary intake during the 2 interventional periods will be compared. Measured by dietary intake records |
| Fecal Microbiome | The 2 intervention periods that will be compared will each last 10 days | The Fecal microbiome following the 2 interventional periods will be compared, measured in fecal samples |
| Step count | The 2 intervention periods that will be compared will each last 10 days | The step count during the 2 interventional periods will be compared. Measured by an Actigraph activity monitor |
| Subjective feeling | The 2 intervention periods that will be compared will each last 10 days | Satiety, muscle soreness, and gastro-intestinal complaints scores during the 2 interventional periods will be compared. Measured by visual analog scale questionnaires. The left side of the 100mm scale represents a score of 0 (= no complaints). The right side of the 100mm scale represents a score of 100 (=severe complaints) |
| Participant characteristics | At baseline, before start interventional period | Participants characteristics at baseline will be reported as descriptives. This includes: Age, sex, body mass, height, BMI, Body composition as assed by DEXA scan, habitual dietary intake, habitual physical activity. |
Countries
Netherlands
Contacts
Primary ContactPhilippe Pinckaers, PhD
Outcome results
None listed