Anhedonia, Stress Response, Adolescent Development
Conditions
Brief summary
This project will examine how multiple biological measures from the brain and the body's stress response system contribute to anhedonia (the loss of pleasure) in adolescence. The goal of this project is to see if it is possible to combine these biological measures to describe different patterns of activity in the brain and body that adolescents may have in response to stress. The main question this study aims to answer is whether different patterns of activity in the brain and body are related to whether adolescents develop anhedonia and how high or low levels of anhedonia are over time. This study will enroll 192 adolescents who are between 13 and 15 years. Adolescents will complete tasks three times: at the beginning of the study, 10 months after that, and then 10 months after that. In total, they will be part of the study for 20 months. At each time, adolescents will complete surveys, provide samples of spit to measure hormones and provide pictures of their brain to measure brain activity, participate in mildly stressful tasks, and complete different activities that measure how they think. The investigators will also ask each adolescent's parent or legal guardian to answer some surveys about themselves and their child.
Detailed description
Participants will complete tasks at 3 timepoints (Baseline, 10-Months, and 20-Months). Some tasks will be in-person, while others will be virtual. The assessments being administered at all three timepoints are: * Psychological measures (self-report, completed remotely): Anticipatory and Consummatory Interpersonal Pleasure Scale (ACIPS), Mood and Feelings Questionnaire short version (MFQ), Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Emotional Distress and Anxiety, PROMIS Psychological Stress Experiences, Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS), Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale (TEPS) * Cognitive (researcher administered, conducted in-person): NIH Cognitive Toolbox * Brain Imaging via functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) * Physiological (researcher administered, conducted in-person): Heart Rate Variability (HRV), Photoplethysmography (PPG), Impedance Cardiography (ICG), Pre-Ejection Period (PEP), Salivary Cortisol Additionally, the following will be administered at each respective timepoint: Baseline Assessment (Month 0): Self-Report, Remote Questionnaires: demographic survey, address history survey, Protocol for Responding to & Assessing Patients' Assets, Risks & Experiences (PRAPARE), Pediatric Adverse Childhood Experiences and Related Life-events Screener (PEARLS) Cognitive (researcher administered, conducted in-person: Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence Second Version (WASI-II) Psychological interview: Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (KSADS) Time 2 (10-Months) Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire (JVQ) (self-report, completed remotely) Time 3 (20-Months) Psychological interview: Abbreviated Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (KSADS)
Interventions
BEHAVIORALMontreal Imaging Stress Task
Psychosocial stress procedure consisting of completing sections of mental arithmetic that are 5.5 minutes in length, during which the individual receives neutral and negative evaluative feedback about their performance relative to their peers.
BEHAVIORALTrier Social Stress Test for Children
Psychosocial stress procedure in which the individual tells a story for 5 minutes in front of two neutral judges and performs mental arithmetic in front of the judges for 5 minutes.
Sponsors
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
Study design
Allocation
NA
Intervention model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary purpose
BASIC_SCIENCE
Masking
NONE
Intervention model description
1. The Trier Social Stress Test for Children (TSST-C)-- Psychosocial stress procedure in which the individual tells a story for 5 minutes in front of two neutral judges and performs mental arithmetic in front of the judges for 5 minutes. 2. The Montreal Imaging Stress Task (MIST) -- Psychosocial stress procedure consisting of completing sections of mental arithmetic that are 5.5 minutes in length, during which the individual receives neutral and negative evaluative feedback about their performance relative to their peers.
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
13 Years to 15 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Age 13-15 years old at study entry * Ability to understand and sign an assent form * Meets study hearing and vision requirements
Exclusion criteria
* Current use of antipsychotic medication * Current use of medications that would interfere with cardiovascular or endocrine assessments * Metal in the body or other MRI exclusion * Central nervous system disorder or brain injury that could confound brain imaging evaluations * Presence of a medical condition that would interfere with cardiovascular or endocrine assessments * Impaired intellectual functioning * Diagnosed with a neurodevelopmental disability
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Percent signal change during the MIST | Baseline, 10-Months, 20-Months | During the MIST, research participants complete mental arithmetic with the intermittent reception of neutral and negative evaluative feedback. The percent signal change of the fronto-limbic region of the brain will be analyzed during the MIST task. Higher percent signal change in these regions would indicate higher levels of activation when stressed. Percent signal change ranges between 1% to 5%. |
| Endocrine (cortisol) response during the MIST | Baseline, 10-Months, 20-Months | During the MIST, research participants complete mental arithmetic with the intermittent reception of neutral and negative evaluative feedback. Cortisol is collected through a saliva sample collected via cotton swab a total of 6 times throughout the visit at 15-minute intervals. The higher the cortisol is found to be, the higher the stress response to the task. |
| Sympathetic and Parasympathetic nervous system ECG activation or heart rate variability (HRV) during a psychosocial stressful task (Trier Social Stress Test - TSST) | Baseline, 10-Months, 20-Months | The Trier Social Stress Test for Children (TSST-C) -- a social stressor involving story telling in front of two neutral judges, preparation time and a cognitive stressor involving mental arithmetic is used to elicit physiological stress responses. The combination of stressors offers high levels of social-evaluative threat. Throughout the task, heart rate is measured to determine baseline resting state and HRV. HRV is the difference in the milliseconds between each heartbeat. The higher the HRV, the more the nervous system is activated during the task. The level of HRV indicates the participant's nervous system response to stress. |
| Anhedonia as assessed by the SHAPS | Baseline, 10-months, 20-months | The Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS) is a 14-item measure used to assess anhedonia. Each item has four answer responses: strongly agree (1 point), agree (2 points), disagree (3 points), and strongly disagree (4 points). The sum of these responses is taken to find the total score, which ranges from 0-56 with higher scores indicating more overall anhedonia. |
| Endocrine (cortisol) response during the TSST | Baseline, 10-Months, 20-Months | The Trier Social Stress Test for Children (TSST-C) -- a social stressor involving story telling in front of two neutral judges, preparation time and a cognitive stressor involving mental arithmetic is used to elicit physiological stress responses. The combination of stressors offers high levels of social-evaluative threat. Cortisol is collected through a saliva sample of passive drool a total of 5 times throughout the visit at 15-minute intervals. The higher the cortisol is found to be, the higher the stress response to the task. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Anhedonia as assessed by the TEPS | Baseline, 10-months, 20-months | The Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale (TEPS) is an 18-item measure used to assess anhedonia. It is scored on a 6-point Likert scale ranging from very false for me (1) to very true for me (6). The sum of these responses is taken to find the total score, which ranges from 18-108 with higher scores indicating more overall anhedonia. |
| Anhedonia as assessed by the ACIPS | Baseline, 10-months, 20-months | The Anticipatory and Consummatory Interpersonal Pleasure Scale (ACIPS) assesses the ability to experience social pleasure. It contains 17-items scored on a 6-point Likert scale ranging from very false for me (1) to very true for me (6). The sum of these responses is taken to find the total score, which ranges from 17-102 with higher scores indicating lower capacity to experience or anticipate social pleasure. |
Countries
United States
Contacts
Primary ContactClinical Research Coordinator
Outcome results
None listed