Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Conditions
Keywords
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Exposure and response prevention, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Electroencephalogram
Brief summary
Psychiatric disorders characterized by compulsivity, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), result in considerable functional impairment and many individuals do not respond to gold-standard treatments. Compulsivity has long been thought to occur due to exaggerated habits and reduced goal-directed control, although more recently, this conceptualization of compulsivity as an imbalance of two cognitive systems has been challenged as overly narrow. This study will recruit 100 individuals (50 adults diagnosed with OCD, 50 healthy controls) and leverage the measurement precision offered by theory-driven computational modeling in combination with electroencephalogram (EEG) to go beyond this binary theory of compulsivity, revealing how more complex interactions of neurocognitive subcomponents contribute to compulsivity-information that could ultimately lead to improved treatment personalization and clinical outcomes.
Interventions
BEHAVIORALExposure and Response Prevention
Exposure and response prevention (EX/RP) is the gold-standard behavioral treatment for OCD. It involves confronting the content of obsessions (distressing thoughts, images, or impulses) and resisting the urge to engage in compulsions (observable behaviors or mental acts that are repeated to reduce the anxiety/distress associated with compulsions).
Sponsors
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
Study design
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 55 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
Participants must be: * between the ages 18-55 years old * English-speaking * right-handed * able to provide consent
Exclusion criteria
Individuals diagnosed with OCD will be excluded if: * they meet diagnostic criteria for certain other psychiatric disorders * are taking psychiatric medication or have received behavioral treatment for OCD within a certain timeframe * if it is unsafe for them to participate in research Healthy control participants will be excluded if: * they have a current psychiatric disorder * a lifetime history of certain psychiatric disorders * are taking psychiatric medication or have in the past * have a parent or sibling who has been diagnosed with OCD * if it is unsafe for them to participate in research
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale | Week 1, Week 5, Week 10 | A semi-structured clinician-administered instrument used to measure obsessions and compulsions separately over five dimensions (time consumed, distress, interference, degree of resistance, control). The range of scores for the Obsessions and Compulsions subscales is 0-20, and the range for the total score is 0-40. Higher scores indicate greater symptom severity, and a total score greater or equal to 16 is considered indicative of moderately severe OCD |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Obsessive Compulsive Inventory- Revised | Week 1, Week 5, Week 10 | An 18-item self-report measure to assess obsessions and compulsions that demonstrates good psychometric properties and has been used in other research as a transdiagnostic measure of compulsivity. The range of scores for the six subscales (Washing; Obsessing; Ordering; Checking; Neutralizing; Hoarding) is 0-12. The range for the total score is 0-60 and does not include the Hoarding subscale. Higher scores indicate greater symptom severity. |
| Cambridge-Chicago Compulsivity Trait Scale | Week 1, Week 5, Week 10 | A 15-item self-report measure to assess compulsivity transdiagnostically that exhibits high internal consistency and excellent convergent validity with gold-standard measures of compulsive symptoms. The range for the total score is 0-45, with higher scores indicating greater symptom severity |
| Self-Report Habit Index | Week 1, Week 5, Week 10 | A 12-item self-report measure of the repetition and automaticity of a behavior that exhibits high internal consistency and test-retest reliability. The range for the total score is 12-84, with higher scores indicating greater symptom severity. |
| Dimensional Obsessive- Compulsive Scale | Week 1, Week 5, Week 10 | A 20-item self-report measure that assesses four of the most consistently replicated thematic dimensions of OCD symptoms (i.e., contamination, harm, symmetry, repugnant content). The DOCS demonstrates good to excellent internal consistency, validity, and sensitivity. The range of scores for the four subscales (Contamination; Harm; Unacceptable Thoughts; Symmetry) is 0-20, and the range for the total score is 0-80. Higher scores indicate greater symptom severity. |
Countries
United States
Contacts
Primary ContactAmy Rapp, Ph.D.
Outcome results
None listed