Refractive Errors
Conditions
Brief summary
The comparative efficacy of the duochrome test versus +1 blur test in detecting refractive errors across different ages remains under-explored in current ophthalmic research. While the duochrome test is widely used to refine prescriptions, its standalone effectiveness compared to +1 blur test based refraction has not been thoroughly investigated.
Detailed description
This study aims to evaluate the efficacy, accuracy, and reliability of the duochrome test in identifying refractive errors, including myopia and hyperopia across various ages. Refractive errors, including myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism, are leading causes of visual impairment, requiring precise diagnostic tools. The duochrome test utilizes chromatic aberration to refine prescriptions, whereas the +1 blur test assesses spherical correction accuracy. Despite their clinical use, direct comparative studies remain limited. A total of 33 participants with estimated 10% dropout randomly assigned to undergo both tests. Groups will be based on different ages, Group A (18-35 years)and group B (36-60 years) ..both test (Duochrome test and +1 blur test) will apply on every patients.
Interventions
DIAGNOSTIC_TESTduochrome test and +1 blur test
The participant is seated at a standard testing distance (typically 6 meters or 20 feet). A duochrome chart with black letters on a split red-green background is presented. After determining the subjective refraction, a +1.00 diopter (DS) lens is added to the final prescription. The participant is asked to read the distance visual acuity (VA) chart. The expectation is that the visual acuity should drop to 4 lines on Snellen chart (6/24) when the +1.00 DS lens is added. If VA reduces to 6/24: Indicates that the refraction is not over-minused or over-plussed (proper end point of refraction). If VA remains better than 6/24: Suggests the patient was still accommodating, possibly leading to over-minus (in myopes) or under-plus (in hyperopes) and the refraction should be re-evaluated.
Sponsors
Superior University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
HEALTH_SERVICES_RESEARCH
Masking
NONE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
18 Years to 60 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
* Age between 18 to 60 years old. * Both genders. * Those who have refractive error. * Patients with no history of prior eye surgery. * No active eye diseases affecting visual acuity, such as cataracts or retinal disorders. * Ability to cooperate with both the duochrome test and +1 blur test.
Exclusion criteria
* Patients with severe visual impairment or neurological conditions affecting vision. * Patients with nystagmus or conditions that could interfere with reliable testing. * Age below 18 year and above 60 year excluded * Those patients who don't show their consent.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Visual Function Index (VF-14) Questionnaire: | 12 Months | Scores on all activities that the person performed or did not perform because of vision were then averaged, yielding a value from 0 to 4. This value was multiplied by 25, giving a final score from 0 to 100. A score of 100 indicates able to do all applicable activities score of 0 indicates unable to do all applicable activities because of vision |
| +1 blur test | 12 Months | Adding a +1.00 diopter (DS) lens to a patient's final refraction and measuring their distance visual acuity (VA). There are 4 questions with 5 different options ranging from 0-4. minimum score is 0 and maximum score is 16 with spherical correction. |
| Duochrome Test | 12 Months | A duochrome test chart .There are 4 questions with 5 different options ranging from 0-4. minimum score is 0 and maximum score is 16 with spherical correction. |
Countries
Pakistan
Outcome results
None listed