Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM)
Conditions
Brief summary
This randomized controlled trial evaluates the effectiveness of a robot-assisted digital education program for pregnant women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The intervention aims to reduce anxiety, improve health literacy, and increase satisfaction and acceptance of digital health technologies. Participants are randomly assigned to either a robot-assisted education group or a conventional tablet-based video education group. Outcome measures include anxiety scores, health literacy scores, and educational satisfaction.
Detailed description
This study implemented a robot-assisted digital education method for teaching about gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) that was intended to reduce anxiety and encourage healthy behaviors among pregnant women. A randomized controlled trial was conducted to assess the effectiveness of the intervention, where 66 pregnant women from a single hospital were randomly assigned to either the experimental group (n = 32) or the control group (n = 34). The experimental group received health education about GDM using a robot, while the control group received the same health education through video presentations on a tablet. The results showed that the implemented robot-assisted digital education method not only reduced anxiety levels among pregnant women, but also influences their health education satisfaction, health literacy, and acceptance of technology. In the global information age, this study can serve as a reference for educators and researchers at medical institutions interested in tracking long-term health education through technological tools.
Interventions
DEVICERobot with interactive animations, gesture recognition, and touch/voice-based input
A humanoid educational robot that provides GDM-related content using animated videos, emotional facial expressions, gesture movements, and voice/touch-based interaction. Designed to increase engagement, reduce anxiety, and improve health literacy among pregnant women.
DEVICEStandard tablet (video playback only).
A standard touchscreen tablet used to deliver pre-recorded educational videos on GDM. This intervention provides passive viewing without any robot interaction or feedback.
Sponsors
Taipei Medical University
Study design
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Intervention model
PARALLEL
Primary purpose
OTHER
Masking
SINGLE (Subject)
Masking description
Participant
Intervention model description
Two-arm parallel group design: one experimental (robot-assisted) and one control (tablet-based video)
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
21 Years to 50 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
* Pregnant women aged ≥21 years * Diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) * Normal first prenatal ultrasound * Taiwanese nationality * Provided informed consent
Exclusion criteria
* Non-Taiwanese nationality * Chronic disease history * Cognitive impairment or psychiatric disorder * Declined participation
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Anxiety Level | Immediately post-intervention | Anxiety levels were assessed using a Likert-type scale ranging from 1 (no symptoms) to 5 (severe anxiety). |
| Health Literacy | Immediately post-intervention | Health literacy, which also used a Likert scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree) |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Health education Satisfaction | Immediately post-intervention | Health education satisfaction was using a Likert scale ranging from 1 (very satisfied) to 5 (very dissatisfied) |
| Technology Acceptance | Immediately post-intervention | technology acceptance of the pregnant women was measured using another Likert scale ranging from 1 (strongly agree) to 5 (strongly disagree) |
Countries
Taiwan
Outcome results
None listed