Sweat Rate
Conditions
Keywords
sweat, sodium loss, sweat patch, athlete, healthy volunteer
Brief summary
The main objectives are to determine sweat sodium concentration \[Na+\], whole body sweat rate (WBSR) and rate of sweat sodium loss (RSSL) in female athletes aged 13 and above during their normal planned training session across various sports (basketball, soccer, volleyball, cheer, flag football and softball).
Detailed description
The testing procedures will follow the standardized Gatorade Sports Sciences GSSI sweat testing protocol using the absorbent sweat patch technique, to measure local sweat \[Na+\], which will be normalized to whole-body sweat \[Na+\]. Whole-body sweat rate (WBSR) will be calculated based on changes in exercise body mass, pre to post training, and adjusted for food and fluid intake, as well as urine and stool loss. The rate of sweat sodium loss (RSSL) will be determined as the product of sweat \[Na+\] and WBSR. Secondary outcomes are pre-exercise hydration status measured by urine specific gravity (USG) and estimation of menstrual cycle phase collected by self-report date of last menstrual cycle. Athletes will complete a single day of testing, unless a repeat test is requested by the team's performance staff. In this case, athletes will undergo the exact same protocol as described above.
Interventions
OTHERSweat patch
Wear sweat patch during regular team sports practice session
Sponsors
PepsiCo Global R&D
Study design
Observational model
OTHER
Time perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
FEMALE
Age
13 Years to No maximum
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
Subject is female * Subject is 13yrs+ * Subject has been cleared for sport participation by their personal or team physician and/or coach-led practice/training. * Subject is participating in sport on the youth/ amateur/ collegiate/professional/elite level * If under 18, a parental/guardian consent form will be completed.
Exclusion criteria
* As this study is undertaken at the athletes training facility, the medical staff at the team/club will advise on who should/ should not take part. * Subject has an allergy to adhesives (e.g., experiences rash reactions to typical adhesive bandages
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Regional sweat [Na+] | One day from start through end of a single coach-led normal training practice session. Practice duration will be dictated by coaching staff. | Absorbent patch technique (3M TegadermTM + Pad; 3M, St. Paul, MN; pad size 10 cm2 with an absorbent capacity of \~1.3 g) to left and right dorsal arm. An additional patch on the right scapula may be added depending on the accessibility to the sites on the body and the nature of the sport. Analyzed using a HORIBA (LAQUAtwin Na-11) |
| Whole body sweat rate (WBSR) WBSR | One day from start through end of a single coach-led training normal training practice session. Practice duration will be dictated by coaching staff.A | Pre- versus post body mass on scale, taking into account food and fluid intake, urine and stool output |
| Rate of sweat sodium loss (RSSL) | One day from start through end of a single coach-led normal training practice session. Duration will be dictated by coaching staff. | The rate of sodium sweat loss (RSSL) will be determined as the product of sweat \[Na+\] and whole-body sweat rate (WBSR) |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Urine specific gravity (USG) | Pre-exercise at one coach-led normal training practice session. | Unit not applicable |
| Fluid intake | One day from start through end of a single coach-led normal training practice session. Duration will be dictated by coaching staff. | Weighing pre-filled bottles before and after exercise, beverage choice of water, and Gatorade, or G2 |
| Carbohydrate intake | One day from start through end of a single coach-led normal training practice session. Duration will be dictated by coaching staff. | Grams of carbohydrate consumed through food and beverages |
Countries
United States
Contacts
PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATORRebecca Randell, PhD
PepsiCo R&D Life Sciences, Sports Science
Outcome results
None listed