Esophageal Atresia, Healthy Children
Conditions
Keywords
Esophageal atresia, Exercise capacity, Physical activity, Muscle strength
Brief summary
Esophageal atresia is the most common congenital anomaly of the esophagus and is caused by abnormal development of the esophagus during intrauterine life. In children with esophageal atresia, structural abnormalities due to congenital anomalies and tracheoesophageal fistula, tracheomalacia, respiratory problems, recurrent respiratory tract infections, structural abnormalities, surgical interventions for repair and treatment, and decreased physical activity levels may negatively affect pulmonary function, effective coughing, muscle strength, exercise capacity, posture, motor function, and quality of life. This study aims to compare physical characteristics, body composition, pulmonary function and muscle strength, peak cough flow, posture assessment, peripheral muscle strength test, motor function, exercise capacity, physical activity level, fatigue, frailty and quality of life between children with esophageal atresia and their healthy peers.
Interventions
OTHERNo intervention
No intervention
Sponsors
Hacettepe University
Study design
Observational model
CASE_CONTROL
Time perspective
CROSS_SECTIONAL
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
ALL
Age
6 Years to 18 Years
Healthy volunteers
Yes
Inclusion criteria
Esophageal atresia group Inclusion Criteria: * Children with esophageal atresia who are willing to participate in the study * Being between the ages of 6-18, * Being able to cooperate with the assessments
Exclusion criteria
* Being unable to cooperate with the assessments, * Having an orthopedic, neurological or cardiovascular problem that may affect the assessments, * Having a lung infection or upper respiratory tract infection in the last four weeks, * Being an active smoker, * Not being willing to participate in the study, Control group Inclusion Criteria: * Being between the ages of 6-18, * Being willing to cooperate with the tests to be performed, * Being willing to participate in the study.
Design outcomes
Primary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Frailty | 1st day | Frailty level will be calculated using the Composite Frailty Score: (1) Slowness: 6 minute walk test, (2) Weakness: handgrip strength, (3) Fatigue: Pediatric Quality of Life (PedsQL) Multidimensional Fatigue Scale (PedsQL-MFS), (4) Body composition: triceps skinfold thickness, and (5) Physical activity questionnaire. Each domain is scored on a 0-5 point scale, using z-scores or raw questionnaire scores to assign frailty points (0 = least frail, 5 = most frail). The five domain scores is summed to generate a Composite Frailty Score ranging from 0 to 25, where higher scores reflect greater frailty. |
| Functional exercise capacity | 1st day | 6 minute walk test will be performed to assess functional capacity. |
| Physical activity level | 1st day | The Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children (PAQ-C) and the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents (PAQ-A) will be used to assess physical activity levels. The Turkish versions of these assessment tools have been shown to be valid and reliable. The total score ranges from 1 to 5, where 1 indicates very low physical activity, 5 indicates very high physical activity levels. |
| Exercise capacity | 1 week after other assessments | To assess exercise capacity, a symptom-limited cardiopulmonary exercise test will be performed on a bicycle ergometer using Bruce protocol. |
| Forced vital capacity | 1st day | Pulmonary function test using a spirometer will be performed. Forced vital capacity will be recorded. |
| Forced expiratory volume in one second | 1st day | Pulmonary function test using a spirometer will be performed. Forced expiratory volume in one second will be recorded. |
| Forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity ratio | 1st day | Pulmonary function test using a spirometer will be performed. Forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity ratio will be recorded. |
| Peak expiratory flow | 1st day | Pulmonary function test using a spirometer will be performed. Peak expiratory flow will be recorded. |
| Forced mid-expiratory flow | 1st day | Pulmonary function test using a spirometer will be performed. Forced mid-expiratory flow (FEF25-75) will be recorded. |
| Body composition | 1st day | Body composition will be evaluated by triceps skinfold thickness. Skinfold caliper will be used to evaluate triceps skinfold thickness. |
| Maximal inspiratory pressure | 1st day | Maximal inspiratory pressure will be measured using an mouthpiece pressure measuring device. |
| Maximal expiratory pressure | 1st day | Maximal expiratory pressure will be measured using an mouthpiece pressure measuring device. |
| Peak cough flow | 1st day | Peak cough flow will be measured using a peak flow meter. |
| Hand grip strength | 1st day | Hand grip strength will be evaluated with a hand dynamometer device. |
| Knee extensor muscle strength | 1st day | Knee extensor muscle strength will be assessed with a portable digital dynamometer. |
| Shoulder abductor muscle strength | 1st day | Shoulder abductor muscle strength will be assessed with a portable digital dynamometer. |
| Motor function | 1st day | Motor function will be assessed using Time Up and Go test. In the Time Up and Go test, the individual is asked to stand up from a standard chair with armrests, walk 3 m, turn, walk back to the chair, and sit down again. The time is recorded in seconds. |
Secondary
| Measure | Time frame | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Fatigue | 1st day | Fatigue will be assessed using the Pediatric Quality of Life Multidimensional Fatigue Scale (PedsQL-MFS). The PedsQL-MFS allows the child to assess their own fatigue and parents to assess their child's fatigue. The higher the score, the better the quality of life, indicating fewer fatigue symptoms. Therefore, a score of 0 on the PedsQL-MFS indicates greater fatigue, while a score of 100 indicates less fatigue. |
| Corbin Posture Rating Scale | 1st day | Corbin Posture Rating Scale and observational posture analysis. It is an assessment consisting of lateral and posterior posture analysis. '0' is excellent, 12 and above indicates poor posture. |
| Quality of life assessment | 1st day | Quality of life will be assessed using Esophageal-Atresia-Quality of Life (EA-QOL) questionnaire. The EA-QOL questionnaire consist of a 17-item parent-reported questionnaire for children aged 2-7 years (eating, physical health and treatment, social isolation, and stress) and a 24-item questionnaire available as child- and parent-reported versions for children aged 8-17 years (eating, social relationships, body image, and health and well-being). Scores range from 0 to 100. Higher scores indicate better quality of life. |
Countries
Turkey (Türkiye)
Contacts
Primary ContactAslihan Cakmak-Onal, PhD, PT
Outcome results
None listed